Research on "Hakka", "Hakka" Dictionary and "Hakka Social Life Dialogue"
Summary
The " A Chinese-English Dictionary Hakka-Dialect ", " Dictionnaice Chinois-Francais Dialect Hac-Ka " and " conversations chinoises prises sur le vif avec notes grammaticales langage hac-ka " published in the early 20th century are important materials for understanding Hakka people and Hakka language. There are two versions of "A Chinese-English Dictionary Hakka-Dialect", Pastor D. Maciver completed the 1905 edition with the assistance of Chinese author Mr. Phang Kin-kau; Pastor MC Mackenzie completed the 1905 edition with the assistance of Chinese author Vong Chheu-fen 1926 edition. "Dictionnaice Chinois-Francais Dialect Hac-Ka" was written by French missionary CH. Rey and published in 1926. "conversations chinoises prises sur le vif avec notes grammaticales langage hac-ka" was also written by CH. Rey and published in 1937. "A Chinese-English Dictionary Hakka-Dialect" is characterized by phonetics, "Dictionnaice Chinois-Francais Dialect Hac-Ka" focuses on grammar, and "conversations chinoises prises sur le vif avec notes grammaticales langage hac-ka", which is a record of language, provides the context of language use and verifies the meaning of words used in sentences. The collection of corpus started from Wujingfu in Shantou, and extended to the so-called three prefectures outside the Lingzhou, Jiaying, Huizhou, and Chaozhou, and also extended to the Fujian, Guangdong and Jiangxi regions where the Hakka was based. From the comments on "Sihai Dialect" and "Xiaoqie Yun", we can imagine its key position in the study of Hakka language. The phonetics are not much different from the contemporary Hakka language, except for the evolution of the split and combined of the root sound of the labial, tooth and the tongue and the two sets of tooth head sounds are worth pondering. A minority of Central Plains Han Chinese, a high degree of Central Plains culture, and a majority of southern ethnic groups, especially the She nationality, form the so-called Hakka ethnic group. Therefore, in terms of the vocabulary expression of "A Chinese-English Dictionary Hakka-Dialect", "Dictionnaice Chinois-Francais Dialect Hac-Ka", and "conversations chinoises prises sur le vif avec notes grammaticales langage hac-ka", a high degree of Central Plains The ancient Chinese words brought by the culture, the lower-level words of the southern ethnic group formed on the basis of the ethnic group, and the relationship with the She nationality as a sister dialect, and the reserved Hakka words, together form the characteristics of the Hakka vocabulary. The relatively stable and vague grammar can only show that the grammatical performance of books such as "A Chinese-English Dictionary Hakka-Dialect" is still in the process of development from the grammatical performance of contemporary division of labor.
Key words: "A Chinese-English Dictionary Hakka-Dialect", "Dictionnaice Chinois-Francais Dialect Hac-Ka", "conversations chinoises prises sur le vif avec notes grammaticales langage hac-ka", ancient Chinese words, low-level words.