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題名:大學生運動行為相關影響因素與模型驗證之研究
作者:江麗玉
作者(外文):Chiang-Li Yu
校院名稱:國立雲林科技大學
系所名稱:技術及職業教育研究所
指導教授:陳斐娟
學位類別:博士
出版日期:2022
主題關鍵詞:運動意願健康信念自我效能運動行為willingness to exercisehealth beliefsself-efficacysport behavior
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本研究旨在探討大學生運動行為的影響因素,並以健康信念模式及自我效能等理論進行研究,研究對象為國立科技大學學生,採問卷調查法方式進行資料蒐集,研究工具包括運動意願量表、健康信念因素實際感受量表、自我效能量表、運動行為量表,各量表採用內部一致性信度檢測,Cronbach α 值均達0.7 以上,叢集取樣方式發放530份問卷,有效問卷共402份,分別為工程學院、管理學院、設計學院、人文與科學學院,共計402人。其中男性263人、女性139人。資料處理採平均數、標準差、t檢定、單因子變異數分析、階層迴歸及皮爾森積差相關等方法,研究結果發現如下:
壹、研究對象運動量偏低,無運動222人,高達55.2%,BMI平均數為22.18。
貳、不同性別在知覺憂鬱情緒威脅、知覺運動障礙方面有顯著差異,女性顯著高於男性;在自我效能、運動行為方面,男性顯著高於女性。課業壓力愈輕鬆,知覺運動線索能力愈佳,達顯著差異。上網時間愈短,知覺運動利益愈佳、自我效能愈好,達顯著差異。
參、運動意願與罹病可能性、運動線索、運動利益、自我效能具有顯著正相關,與運動障礙具有顯著負相關。
肆、本研究建構的健康信念模式應用於健康行為模式,適配度良好;複核效化分析結果,模式具備穩定性與有效性。
本研究建議學校教育應強化學生的運動意願和運動利益,增加多元化的運動社團,為大學學生擬定健康促進之生活目標,並開設與運動相關的健康促進課程,促進大學生的運動行為,減少運動障礙,增加運動線索,活絡校園的運動氣氛,達成「生活體適能、體適能生活」目標。
This study aims to explore the influencing factors of college students' sport behavior, and conduct research based on theories such as health belief model and self-efficacy. The research object is the students of the National University of Science and Technology. Health Belief Factor Actual Feeling Scale, Self-efficacy Scale, Motor Behavior Scale, each scale was tested with internal consistency reliability, Cronbach α value was above 0.7, 530 questionnaires were distributed by cluster sampling, and a total of 402 valid questionnaires, respectively, the College of Engineering, the College of Management, the College of Design, and the College of Humanities and Sciences, with a total of 402 people. Among them, 263 were male and 139 were female. The data processing adopts the methods of mean, standard deviation, t-test, one-way anova, regression and Pearson correlation. The research results are as follows:
1. The amount of exercise of the research subjects was low, 222 students did not exercise, up to 55.2%, and the average BMI was 22.18.
2. Different genders have significant differences in perceived depressive emotional threat and perceived motor impairment, and women are significantly higher than men; in terms of self-efficacy and motor behavior, men are significantly higher than women. The easier the academic pressure, the better the ability of perceptual motor cues, and the difference was significant. The shorter the time spent on the Internet, the better the perceived motor benefits and the better the self-efficacy, with a significant difference.
Participation and exercise willingness were significantly positively correlated with the possibility of disease, exercise cues, exercise benefits, and self-efficacy, and significantly negatively correlated with movement disorders.
4. The health belief model constructed in this study is applied to the health behavior model, and the degree of adaptation is good; after reviewing the results of the validation analysis, the model is qualitative and effective.
This study suggests that school education should strengthen students' willingness to exercise and exercise interests, increase diversified sports clubs, formulate health promotion life goals for college students, and set up sports-related health promotion courses to promote college students' exercise behavior and reduce exercise. Obstacles, increase exercise clues, activate the sports atmosphere of the campus, and achieve the goal of "life fitness, physical fitness life".
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