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題名:探索台灣和哥倫比亞的黑暗生態旅遊:問題、挑戰和可能性
作者:狄愷誠
作者(外文):Diego Felipe Caicedo Amaya
校院名稱:國立中興大學
系所名稱:台灣與跨文化研究國際博士學位學程
指導教授:朱惠足
學位類別:博士
出版日期:2023
主題關鍵詞:黑暗旅遊生態旅遊艱難的文化遺產暴力生態商品化可持續性Dark TourismEcotourismDifficult Cultural HeritageViolenceEcologyCommodificationSustainability
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本論文通過三個案例研究(兩個在哥倫比亞,一個在台灣)調查了黑暗旅遊和生態旅遊的元素如何交叉、相互作用和表現。借助多學科視角和多方法方法,我分析了商品化、道德、政治失調/錯位、情感/情感和旅遊景點的困難文化遺產以及在暴力、衝突、自然環境中傳達敘事的經歷等新出現的問題和挑戰資源和生態。
我提出,黑暗生態旅遊糾纏的動態是複雜的指標,表明以前對人類和整個生態系統產生創傷後後果的人類暴力行為如何以及為什麼會作為代表遊客與主人相遇和交叉的空間展開。受多種因素影響的文化談判,這些因素可能對社區和環境產生積極和/或消極的結果。這項工作表明,雖然這些旅遊景點通常是商業和政治誘導的,因此引起消費和操縱的擔憂,但也有機會促進生物多樣性保護、發展和人類復原力。
拋開理論貢獻不談,本研究通過對綠島(台灣)、安蒂奧基亞港、麥德林、Icononzo 和 Tierra Grata(哥倫比亞)的實地考察進行反思,對旅遊研究人員、政策制定者和利益相關者有用。我通過解決可以在經歷過衝突和環境退化的地方付諸實踐的自我保健策略,提出了黑暗生態旅遊的潛在挑戰和實際考慮。
This dissertation investigates how elements of dark tourism and ecotourism intersect, interact and manifest in three case studies (two in Colombia and one in Taiwan). Drawing upon a multidisciplinary perspective and a multimethod approach, I analyze emerging issues and challenges of commodification, morality, political dissonance/dislocation, affections/emotions and difficult cultural heritage at tourist sites and experiences that convey narratives within a context of violence, conflict, natural resources and ecology.
I propose that the dynamics on the entanglement of dark-eco tourism are complex indicators of how and why previous human acts of violence that have post-traumatic consequences in humans and in complete ecosystems, unfold as spaces that represent tourist-host encounters and cross-cultural negotiations that are influenced by multiple factors that can have positive and/or negative outcomes in communities and the environment. This work shows that while these tourist attractions are often commercially and politically induced and therefore pose concerns of consumption and manipulation, there are also opportunities to promote biodiversity conservation, development and human resilience.
Theoretical contributions aside, this research has pragmatic implications that are useful for tourism researchers, policy makers and stakeholders as through a reflexive account of fieldwork in Green Island (Taiwan), Puerto Triunfo Antioquia, Medellin, Icononzo and Tierra Grata (Colombia). I present potential challenges and practical considerations on dark-eco tourism by addressing self-care strategies that can be put into practice in places that have experienced conflict and environmental degradation.
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