由於社會的變遷、家庭制度的改變、職業婦女的增加及經濟的快速成長，使得人們幾乎忘記了人類仍是哺乳動物，應以母乳哺餵自己的嬰兒。自1960年代後，全世界的母乳哺餵率皆有下降的趨勢，之後由世界衛生組織及聯合國兒童基金會（WHO/UNICEF）等各團體機構大力鼓吹母乳哺餵的重要性後，世界其他國家之母乳哺餵率從1980年代開始有上升的現象。反觀察臺灣地區的母乳哺餵率從民國50年代後逐漸下降至今，雖然行政院衛生署及相關單位自民國81年起即正式列入計畫鼓勵母乳哺餵，但是成效不佳，故繼第一期的母乳推廣計畫後，於民國88年又以國民保健三年計畫為工作重點，並於民國88年委託臺北市衛生局試辦「嬰兒親善醫院」之推廣，至民國88年8月止，臺北市共有6家醫院加入此計畫。本文的目的在於瞭解臺灣地區嬰兒親善醫院的實施現況與困擾 ，並藉由各家醫院實施的經驗分享中，擬出實施「成功哺餵母乳的十大步驟」之具體建議，以供醫院及國家行政單位參考。

　　　　　Due to changes in society and family structures, the increase in number of working women, and the rapidly growing in global economy, breastfeeding has dramatically decreased worldwide since 1960. However, beginning in 1980 breastfeeding has stared to increase again because organizations such as the World Health Organization (WHO) and the United Nations International Children's Fund (UNICEF) have promoted the importance of breastfeeding. In Taiwan breastfeeding began to decrease in the 1950s. Although the Executive Yuan's Sanitation Division and related government agencies officially encouraged breastfeeding in 1992, the effects were disappointing. Therefore, the second 3-year Breastfeeding Broadcasting Campaign was implemented in 1999 to improve national health on infants. Also, Taipei City's Health & Sanitation Bureau sponsored an experimental project known as the “Baby Friendly Hospital” program to increase breastfeeding in 1999. In October 1999, six hospitals started participating in this project. The purpose of this review is to understand the effects and barriers of the “Baby Friendly Hospital” program and to develop a 10-step successful guideline for breastfeeding learned from the experiences of the six participating hospitals. The information of this review can serve as a reference for other hospitals and government administrative agencies in decision-making.