本研究利用回溯性世代研究法進行臺灣地區氯乙烯工人死因分析，根據十二家工廠之勞保資料，共蒐集4317名員工資料，其中3472名男性員工於1950年1月1日至1991年12月31日間進入工廠工作，且年資在一年以上者列入分析。利用衛生署死亡登記檔及健保資料檔，追蹤世代成員自1985年至1996年間之存活狀況，死亡者共有127名，整體追蹤率為93.3%，總追縱人年為40,371.0人年。結果顯示氯乙稀工人全死因標準化死亡比為68.8（95% C.1.= 57.3-81.8），可能具有健康工人效應存在；而隨著工人的第一次進廠時之年齡的增加，肝癌之標準化死亡比亦隨之減少。而消化系統癌症以及肝癌仍以在1970年以前進廠者有較高的標準化死亡比，更進一步分析在1970年以前即進廠的氯乙烯聚合工人，結果顯示其消化系統癌症有顯著較高的標準化死亡比（SMR=242.8，95% C.I.= 135.8-400.6），肝癌的標準化死亡比也到達統計顯著性（SMR=549.7，95%C.I.= 274.0-983.7），因此本國氯乙烯工人可能有較高的消化系統癌症，特別是肝癌。

　　　　　A retrospective cohort was conducted and standardized mortality ratios (SMRs) for different causes of death were determined for workers of twelve vinyl chloride factories in Taiwan. 3472male workers who had been employed for at least one year form January 1,1950 to December 31,1991 were included in the analysis. A total of 127 cohort members were identified as having died during period 1985-1996 using Taiwan's National Mortality Registry. The completeness of follow-up was 98.3%, and the total number of person-years at risk was 40371.0. The results showed that the SMR or causes of death was 68.8 (95% C.I.= 57.3-81.8), indicating a possible "health-workers" effect. The SMR due to liver cancer decreased with increasing age of first exposure to vinyl chloride monomer. Cancer of digestive system and liver for those who were first exposed before 1970 also had a higher SMR. The association was prominent for PVC workers first employed before 1970 with SMRs of 242.8 in cancer of digestive system (95% C.I.= 135.8-400.6) and 579.7 in liver cancer (95%C.I.= 274.0-983.7). It is concluded that the vinyl chloride workers may experience higher risk of developing cancer of digestive system, especially liver cancer.