目的：本研究目的在探究精神分裂症病程中，患者症狀與照顧者表露情緒（EE） 之間單因子關係。方法：以臺灣北部三大醫學中心近三年（1994-1996）住院時診斷為精神 分裂症（DSM-IV）之患者及其照顧者各161名為研究對象，用「活性與負性症狀量表 （PANSS）」「和中國人五分鐘演說樣本（CFMSS）」分別在五個時間點（入院時、三個月、 六個月、一年、二年）測量患者的症狀和照顧者的EE，統計方法援用卡方檢定與邏輯迴歸分 析。結果：1.入院時所有患者的症狀都無法推測照顧者的EE，EE是照顧者與患者長期互動的 結果。2.高低表露情緒兩組之間的患者症狀，發現三個月測量點時低表露情緒組有顯著地偏 向退縮。3.表露情緒會隨著病程不同與症狀的關係有變化，病程初期激動症候群（如敵意、 衝動）、較嚴重的思考欠組織與較輕的情緒不投入，可推測高表露情緒；病程進入兩年後， 相關負性因素（如刻板思考、動作遲緩）、較嚴重的幻覺症狀與較嚴重的定向感障礙，可推 測高表露情緒。結論：疾病症狀與照顧者表露情緒之間確有相關，且病程不同推測高表露情 緒之症狀具相當的動態關係。

　　　　　Objective: The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship for schizophrenic symptoms and expressed emotion (EE) of their respective caregivers. Methods: Schizophrenicsymptom and expressed-emotion scores were obtained using the PANSS and CFMSS on admission, and on four subsequent occasions at three, six, 12 and 24 months after admission. A total of 161 patients and their respective family caregivers were included in the study, Chi- square and logistic regression were used to examine the relationship for patient symptoms and the caregivers' EE. Results: 1) There was no relationship demonstrated for schizophrenic symptoms and EE on admission, indicating that EE wad not expressed during emergency or acute states. 2) Significantly higher scores for symptoms of emotional withdrawal and passive/apathetic social withdrawal were determined for the LEE subgroup compared to the HEE analog during the third month after admission. 3) It was determined that symptom predictors for EE different significantly according to the stage of the illness. At the three-month follow-up, excitement factors (including excitement, hostility, uncooperativeness and poor impulse control), high disorganization and low emotional withdrawal scores predicted higher expressed-emotion scores. By contrast, after 24 months, associated negative factors, (such as stereotypic thinking, motor retardation, uncooperativeness and preoccupation), extreme hallucinatory behavior and high disorientation scores predicted higher expressed -emotion scores. Conclusion: The relationship for psychological symptoms for schizophrenic patients and the expressed emotion of respective family caregivers was found to be of dynamic nature. (Full Text Chinese)