本文乃作者繼〈紐西蘭原住民與瓦湯頤條約〉之後，進一步研究原住 民與非原住民及外來政權關於土地買賣轉讓問題。英國政權自一八四○年入主紐 西蘭，藉著《條約》賦予皇家的「優先購買土地權」，取代了歐洲移民而直接與 毛利人進行土地交易。其過程縱橫曲折，變化多端。「優購權」專利了二十五年 後棄守，自一八六五年起，容許歐洲移民直接向毛利人購買土地，由「土地法庭」 與「土地理事會」互相配合，負責處理毛利人土地買賣業務。二十世紀初，土地 法案層出不窮，製造更多便捷的方法，使土地買賣轉讓迅速完成，以利移民發展 與政府自肥，毛利人土地因而大量流失。直至一九二○年，毛利人可耕地平均每 人僅得十九英畝，政府才改變政策，幫助毛利人推行「土地發展計劃」，使毛利 人由賣地求生轉變為自力更生。但二次大戰（一九三九至四五年）之後，毛利人 放棄農耕，移居城巿，以致「土地發展計劃」停滯不前。一九六○年代後期，毛 利人受到美國民權運動、全球非殖民化，以及聯合國關注各地原住民權益的影 響，申訴往昔土地交易的不公，要求賠償。終於在一九七五年「毛利人土地大遊 行」之後，政府在同年十月十日成立「瓦湯頤裁判庭」以處理毛利人土地索償事 宜。

　　　　　This is a post-study of the author's "The New Zealand Indigenous People and the Signing of the Treaty of Waitangi." This article will focus on land purchases and alienation between the Maori and Pakeha during the 1840-1975 period. According to the Second Article of the Treaty, the New Zealand government as the Crown's agent had the pre-emptive right to purchase land from the Maori. After its waiver of pre-emption, the Pakeha have been able to conduct direct purchases with the Maori since 1865. The Land Court and the Land Boards acted as facilitators and promoters of the alienation of Maori land. During the early 20th century various Land Acts were passed in order to create the 'ready and quick methods' for the government to earn more income from the resale of land to European settlers. In 1920, the cultivated land of the Maori was down to roughly 19 acres per head. The government thus changed its policy to initiate the Maori Land Development Schemes for helping Maori to earn their living on their own land. It was not very successful after the Second World War (1939-1945) because of the urbanization of the Maori people. In the late 1960's due to the influence of the U.S. human rights movement, global decolonisation, and concern for the indigenous peoples by the U. N., better-educated young Maori started to protest against the Crown in order to get compensation for the loss of land over the past hundred years. After the 'Maori Land March' in 1975, the government passed the 'Treaty of Waitangi Act 1975' and established the Waitangi Tribunal to handle claims.