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題名:運用系統模擬與基因演算法執行限制理論於流線型生產
書刊名:大葉學報
作者:張玉鈍諶承正
作者(外文):Chang, Yu-tunCheng, Nelson C. C.
出版日期:2002
卷期:11:2
頁次:頁99-106
主題關鍵詞:排程限制理論基因演算法移運批限制驅導式SchedulingTheory of constraintsGenetic algorithmTransfer batchDrum-buffer-rope
原始連結:連回原系統網址new window
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     限制驅導式乃限制理論運用於現場排程的技術,其主要精神為充份利用瓶頸或限制資源,確保整體產出的最大化。為了使限制資源產能被充分發揮,其主要技巧在於緩衝的管理,及移運批量的彈性運用;緩衝管理係靠投料站之投料時間來實現的,而移運批量的彈性運用旨在避免大批量造成過多的在製品及扺達限制資源之批量過於斷續,致使限制資源出現待料情形。   若由生管人員依直覺與經驗來決定限制驅導式排程法的移運批大小與投料時間有其困難,本研究嘗試以基因演算法搜尋移運子批量及其在限制資源的排程順序以減化排程人員負擔。本研究以VB語言撰寫基因演算法程式,自動連結模擬軟體Arena進行排程模擬,在排程模擬的設計上先就限制資源從事細部排程,再就限制資源前、後之製程各以左推法及右推法排定細部排程,並以最短完工時間及最短總流程時間為目標函數,運用基因演算法,循環搜尋近似最佳解。   本研究發展限制資源先排序法,並與投料製程站先排序的三種模式進行模擬比較,其中並將移運批量的分割模式分為不等批批量與等批批量兩種,為了評估本研究所提方法在各種製程狀況之適用性,亦針對次限制資源在不同位置加以模擬。模擬結果發現本研究所提方法在縮短總完工時間及總流程時間有顯著的效益。
     Transfer batch and buffer management are two key elements in successfully implementing the Drum-Buffer-Rope technique, which is a well-known shop-floor control method based on the theory of constraints. A production planner often encounters difficulties in determining the transfer-batch size and the schedule for entrance stations. In this study a systematic framework is developed to search the sizes of transfer batches and the sequencing of the bottleneck and gate stations. A genetic algorithm is employed to search for the transfer-batch sizes and sequences of the sublots on the constraint resources. Then, the backward method is used to schedule the non-constraint resources preceding the constraint, and the forward method is used to schedule the non-constraint resources succeeding the constraint. The simulation package Arena is used to accomplish the detailed schedule. The proposed approach is compared with three other methods that employ the forward method. The effect of equal and non-equal transfer batches and the effect of the location of the sub-constraint relative to the constraint are also observed. The results show that the proposed framework can achieve significant improvement with regard to the objectives of makespan and total-flow time.
期刊論文
1.Schragenheim, E.、Ronen, B.(1990)。Drum-buffer-rope shop floor control。Production and Inventory Management Journal,31(3),18-22。  new window
2.Cook, D. P.(1994)。A simulation comparison of traditional, JIT and TOC manufacturing system in a flow shop with bottlenecks。Production and Inventory Management Journal,1,73-78。  new window
3.Daniel. V. R. G.(1995)。A simulation model of drun-buffer-rope for production plan and control at a naval aviation depot。Simulation,65(3),157-168。  new window
4.Goldratt, E. M.(1988)。Computerized shop floor scheduling。International Journal of Production Research,26(3),443-455。  new window
5.Michael, S.、James, F.(1995)。Master production scheduling development in a theory of constraints environment。Production and Inventory Management Journal,36(1),8-13。  new window
6.Tu, Y. M.、Li, R. K.(1998)。Constraint time buffer determination model。International Journal of Production Research,36(4),1091-1103。  new window
學位論文
1.游慶宗(1995)。以DBR為基礎之現場排程方法研究(碩士論文)。東海大學。  延伸查詢new window
圖書
1.吳鴻輝、李榮貴(1999)。限制驅導式現場排程與管理技術。臺北:全華書局。  延伸查詢new window
2.Goldratt, E.、Cox, J.(1992)。The Goal: A Process of on Going Improvement。Great Barrington, MA:North River Press。  new window
 
 
 
 
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