此篇文章的目的，乃是檢視中國於過去及現在如何保護智慧財產權，同時探討中國在現今及未來保護智慧財產權所面臨的問題。第一部分介紹中國在1978年開始廣泛的經濟改革後所制定的智慧財產權的法律(商標法、著作權法、專利法)。同時為了解中國在1978年後對保護智慧財產權所做的努力，1978年前，中國智慧財產權的法律，也一併於此加以介紹。第二部分，審視中國為了解決智慧財產權的法律紛爭，於1993年所設置的專屬法庭。第三部分，討論TRIPS協定對中國智慧財產權的保護及執行所產生的影響。第四部分指出許多因素，例如貧窮，法律人才的不足，貪污，欠缺私有財產觀念的傳統，及新的複製技術的發明，都阻礙中國對智慧財產權的保護及執行。 最後，本文認為，世界智慧財產權組織對中國智慧財產權的保護及執行，會是較有效率的解決機構。

Protecting Intellectual Property Rights in China in the context of the Past, the Present and the future. The purpose of this article is to examine how intellectual property rights in China were and are protected nowadays and to look into the problems of protecting intellectual property in China in the present and the Future. The first part examines China's intellectual property laws (trademark law, copyright law, and patent law) enacted after 1978, the time of the launching of widespread economic reform. In order to understand what the Chinese government did to improve the protection of intellectual property rights in china after 1978, the intellectual property laws enacted prior to 1978 are also introduced in this part. The second part examines the jurisdiction of specialized courts dedicated to the resolution of legal disputes concerning patent, trademark and copyright law. China created a specialized court system for the resolution of legal disputes concerning intellectual property in 1993. The third part discusses what the TRIPS Agreements would do to the enforcement and protection of intellectual property in China. The fourth part points out that many factors such as poverty, the lack of human resources, official corruption, the lack of private property traditions and even the emergence of new copying technologies presents serious obstacles to completely or substantially eradicate the problem of enforcement and protection of intellectual property rights in China. Finally, the paper conclude with the proposition that the WIPO arbitration disputes resolution mechanism and procedure appear to be a better and more effective solution in protecting and enforcing intellectual property rights in China.