美國1970年代為因應南加州一連串的森林火災所發展出來的事故現場指揮體系（Incident Command System，簡稱ICS），到目前為止已行之有年，其主要功能乃做為災難事故現場的標準指揮架構，包括有指揮部、作業組、後勤組、財務組，各司其職，有助於災難現場有秩序、有步驟、有系統地處理，且已被證明可用於各式各樣的事故現場。目前國內行政院災害防救委員會、國防部、衛生署、農委會都曾引進講習，內政部消防組更是積極協助各級消防機關推動事故現場指揮體系，以便在各種事故的搶救現場，指揮權能夠徹底地貫徹與執行，成功地完成各種指揮救災的工作。於此我國各級消防機關推動事故現場指揮體系之初，如何妥善規劃及推動實值深思。故本文乃透過各種文獻的探討，研究整理出消防機關推動事故現場指揮體系相關影響因素，並透過各種專家訪談的協助，進一步地將消防機關推動事故現場指揮體系關鍵成功因素（Key Success Factors；KFS）加以分析整理與建立，協助提供消防機關推動與規劃事故現場指揮體系及訓練救災指揮人員之參考。

The Incident Command System (ICS) has a long history to deal with the forest fire disasters that happened in the south California since the 1970s. The main function of the ICs is to construct the standard command structure in the incidents, including the command, the operation section, the planning section, the logistics section, and the finance section, which can be helpful to handle the incidents systematically and now it's been proved to be suitable for various incidents. At present, not only the National Disasters Prevention and Protection Commission, the Ministry of National Defense, the Department of Health, and the Council of Agriculture Executive Yuan have introduced the short-term training to Taiwan but also the National Fire Administration of the Ministry of the Interior actively has assisted the local fire departments to enforce the ICS so that the tasks in various incidents can be successfully completed. This paper focused on the method to successfully conduct ICS by literature research and interviews. It also analyzed and formulated the Key Success Factors (KSF) of the fire departments to conduct the ICS, to offer the reference for the staff who conduct the ICS in the training programs.