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題名:Opposition Play: Trans-Atlantic Trickstering in Gerald Vizenor's The Heirs of Columbus
書刊名:Concentric: Studies in English Literature and Linguistics
作者:Liang, Iping
出版日期:2003
卷期:29:1
頁次:頁121-141
主題關鍵詞:Gerald vizenorThe Heirs of ColumbusTrans-AtlanticPlayTricksterOppositionNative american literatureChristopher columbusQuincentenaryHomo ludens
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This paper argues that by enacting “opposition play,” a form of play meant for strategies of opposition, Chippewa/Ojibway novelist Gerald Vizenor comments on the legacy of Christopher Columbus in contemporary trans-Atlantic intercourses.1 By turning the Admiral into a crossblood Jewish Mayan trickster, Vizenor transforms the tragedy of clash into a comedy of trickstering. His bold imagination not only strikes a chord with postmodern (and postcolonial) revisionism, but also answers the call of literature to “change the world.” The paper consists of two parts. The first attempts to construct a theoretical frame- work of play, drawing from the works of Johan Huizinga (1951), Victor Turner (1982), Mihai Spariosu (1989), Gerald Vizenor (1989), and Cynthia Sau-ling Wong (1993) to illustrate a discourse of play that dates back to the times of archaic Greece. I argue that the prerational form of play could be related to a tribal notion of trickstering, taking cues from Hermes, the messenger of Zeus, who is himself a trickster. By relating the Western discourse of prerational play to the tribal tradition of trickstering, I maintain that the notion of “trickster play” is as “playful” as Greek mythological figures, and that the tribal élan of play could be regarded as “Native American homo ludens,” Vizenor himself being a major player. The second part of the paper gives a thematic reading of the novel to illustrate the discourse of trickster play. It will treat, in particular, three strands of the plot: the legacy of Columbus and Pocahontas; the positive use of modern technology, including radio, laser shows, and genetic research; and the establishment of a utopian Stone Nation at Point Assinika. The paper will conclude with a reading of the epilogue and argue that the novel could be read as Vizenor’s own trickstering of a Tribal New World.
期刊論文
1.Allen, Chadwick(199903)。Blood (and) Memory。American Literature,71(1),93-116。  new window
2.Monsma, Bradley John(1997)。Liminal Landscapes: Motion, Perspective, and Place in Gerald Vizenor's Fcition。Studies in American Indian Literatures,9(1),60-72。  new window
3.Velie, Alan(1989)。The Trickster Novel。Vizenor,121-140。  new window
圖書
1.Vizenor, Gerald(1989)。Narrative Chance: Postmodern Discourse on Native American Indian Literatures。Norman, OK:U of Oklahoma P。  new window
2.Ammons, Elizabeth、Parks, Annette White(1994)。Tricksterism in Turn-of-the-Century American Literature: A Multicultural Perspective。Tufts UP。  new window
3.Giroy, Paul(1993)。The Black Atlantic: Modernity and Double Consciousnesss。New York:Verso。  new window
4.Hynes, William、Doty, William(1997)。Mythical Trickster Figures: Contours, Contexts, and Criticisms。Tuscaloosa:U of Alabama P。  new window
5.Huizinga, Johan(1951)。Homo Ludens: A Study of the Play-Element in Culture。Boston:Beacon。  new window
6.Hyde, Lewis(1998)。Trickster Makes the World: Mischief, Myth, and Art。New York:North Point。  new window
7.Lincoln, Kenneth(1983)。Native American Renaissance。Los Angeles:Berkeley:U of California P。  new window
8.Lee, A. Robert(2000)。Loosening the Seams: Interpretations of Gerald Vizenor。Bowling Green:Bowling Green SU。  new window
9.Silko, Leslie Marmon(1991)。The Almanac of the Dead: A Novel。New York:Penguin。  new window
10.Spariosu, Mihai(1989)。Dionysus Reborn: Play the Aesthetic Dimension in Modern Philosophical and Scientific Discourse。Ithaca:Cornell UP。  new window
11.Vizenor, Gerald、Lee, A. Robert(1990)。Bearheart: The Chronicles of Heirship。Minneaspolis:U of Minnesota P。  new window
12.Vizenor, Gerald(1992)。Dead Voices: Natural Agonies in the New World。Norman:U of Oklahoma P。  new window
13.Vizenor, Gerald(1991)。The Heirs of Columbus。Hanover:Wesleyan UP。  new window
14.Vizenor, Gerald(1999)。Postindian Conversations。Lincoln:U of Nebraska P。  new window
15.Vizenor, Gerald(1988)。The Trickster of Liberty: Tribal Heirs to a Wild Baronage at Petronia。Minneapolis:U of Minnesota P。  new window
16.Williams, William Carlos(1956)。In the American Grain: Essays by William Carlos Williams 1925。New York:New Directions。  new window
17.Meeker, Joseph W.(1997)。The Comedy of Survival: Literary Ecology and a Play Ethic。Tucson:U of Arizona P。  new window
18.Ruppert, James(1995)。Mediation in Contemporary Native American Fiction。University of Oklahoma Press。  new window
19.Saldívar, José David(1991)。The Dialectics of Our America: Genealogy, Cultural Critique, and Literary History。Durham:Duke UP。  new window
20.Vizenor, Gerald Robert(1998)。Fugitive Poses: Native American Indian Scenes of Absence and Presence。University of Nebraska Press。  new window
21.Turner, Victor Witter(1982)。From Ritual to Theatre: The Human Seriousness of Play。New York:PAJ Publications。  new window
22.Vizenor, Gerald(1994)。Manifest Manners: Postindian Warriors of Survivance。Hanover:Wesleyan UP。  new window
圖書論文
1.Bhabha, Homi(1994)。How Newness Enters the World: Postmodern Space, Postcolonial Times, and the Trials of Cultural Translation。The Location of Culture。New York:Routledge。  new window
2.Blair, Elizabeth(2000)。Whodunwhat?: The Crime's the Mystery in Gerald Vizenor's The Heirs of Columbus。Loosening the Seams: Interpretations of Gerald Vizenor。Bowling Green:Bowling Green SU。  new window
3.Brown, Alanna Kathleen(1994)。Mourning Dove, Trickster Energe, and Assimilation-Period Native Texts。Tricksterism in Turn-of-the-Century American Literature: A Multicultural Perspective。Hanover:Tufts U。  new window
4.Doty, William(1997)。A Lifetime of Troube-Making: Hermes as Trickster。Mythical Trickster Figures: Contours, Contexts, and Criticisms。Tuscaloosa:U of Alabama P。  new window
5.Krupat, Arnold(2000)。"Stories in the blood": Ratio- and Natio- in Gerald Vizenor's The Heirs of Columbus。Loosening the Seams: Interpretations of Gerald Vizenor。Bowling Green:Bowling Green SU。  new window
6.Mogen, David(2000)。Tribal Images of the 'New World': Apocalyptic Transformation in Almanac of the Dead and Gerald Vizenor's Fiction。Loosening the Seams: Interpretations of Gerald Vizenor。Bowling Green:Bowling Green SU。  new window
7.Owens, Louis(1992)。Ecstatic Strategies: Gerald Vizenor's Trickster Narratives。Other Destinies: Understanding the American Indian Novel。Norman:U of Oklahoma P。  new window
8.Rodriguez, Juana Maria(2000)。Vizenorian Jurisprudence: Legal Interventions, Narrative Strategies, and the Interpretative Possibilities of Shadows。Loosening the Seams: Interpretations of Gerald Vizenor。Bowling Green:Bowling Green SU。  new window
9.Sommer, Doris(1999)。Mosaic and Mestizo: Bilingual Love from Hebreo to Garcilaso。Proceed with Caution, When Engaged by Minority Writing in the Americas。Cambridge:Harvard UP。  new window
10.Wong, Cynthia Sau-ling(1993)。The Asian American Homo Ludens。Reading Asian American Literature: From Necessity to Extravagance。Princeton:Princeton UP。  new window
 
 
 
 
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