Urinary tract infections associated with the indwelling urinary catheters are the most common cause of nosocomial infections. Prolonged urinary catheterization for one more day is the most important risk factor for acquisition of a urinary tract infection with a relative risk of 5 %. The goal of this project was try to shorten the date of indwelling urinary catheters in order to reduce the catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTI). We found that the causes of prolonged urinary catheterization were: 1) the knowledge of infection control relevant to the urinary catheterization is insufficient, 2) Lack of the standard operation procedure regarding the insertion or removal of urinary catheterization. In order to reduce CAUTI, we therefore developed measures to improve the situation of prolonged catheterization. The measures included a on-job training program related to urinary tract infection and setting up a standard operation procedure for the routine urinary catheterization. The results revealed that the duration of urinary catheterization was significantly reduced (from 7.1 to 4.5 days, p<0.0001). The rate of CAUTI was also significantly reduced (from 11.6% to 9.8%). The monthly cost of antibiotics from CAUTI was reduced from 152,000 to 44,000 NT dollars. The later was an unexpected effect of our project. Conclusion: This study demonstrates that a simple measure instituted as part of a continuous quality improvement program significantly reduced duration of urinary catheterization, rate of CAUTI, and additional costs of antibiotics to manage CAUTI.