自由主義民主體制發展至今，似已不能只仰賴其保障個人權利之制度機制來進行內部調整及改善，而是已然屆臨必須關注其成員之道德品質之階段。關注社會成員道德品質之提昇，向為古希臘政治思想之首要鵠的，但向昔往借鑑，亦不能無視環境條件之巨大更移。為達致改善道德之目標，法律常為仰仗之手段，但以法律促進道德及處罰不道德，直接涉及個人自由之問題。本文旨在探究此一改革方向可能之運作範式及其內在難題，並兼及思想史相關脈絡之釐清與反思。

　　　　　Moral or virtuous citizens are by far the most valuable assets of a state, ancient and modern alike. Without them, even well-intentioned and well-designed institutions will stop functioning and operating effectively. To differing extents, modern states invariably depend on the enforcement of law to achieve the goal of making men moral and thus improving social stability. That is to say, like it or not, legal moralism of variant degrees and scopes has become a common practice in contemporary societies. This article tries to elucidate the proper limits of state interference in moral affairs and to clarify its nature in different spheres of life. Making men moral is a worthwhile aim, but it cannot override individual liberty, which makes morality truly meaningful.