自烏拉圭回合談判結束後，反競爭行為成為繼政府障礙 (例如關稅及非關稅障礙) 後，另一種可能的貿易障礙。WTO遂自1996年新加坡部長會議後成立「貿易與競爭政策互動工作小組」，檢視各會員國所提包括反競爭行為在內之有關貿易與競爭政策間主動之議題，並確認值得在WTO架構下進一步考量的領域。而我國對WTO「競爭政策」議題的立場應為何？是本文研究的重點。 本文從杜哈部長宣言中有關「競爭政策」決議出發，以談判的程序事項:談判模式、自願性合作；設判的實質範圍：核心原則 (透明化、不歧視、程序公平、惡性卡特爾) 以及對開發中及低度開發國家的特殊待遇與技術協助等三事項為主軸，依序提出具體建議，俾供相關機關參考。

As government barriers (for example, tariff and non-tariff barriers) to trade have been reduced following the Uruguay Round, there have been increasing concerns that the gains from such liberalization may be thwarted by private anti-competitive practices. The WTO Working Group on the Interaction between Trade and Competition Policy was established at the Singapore Ministerial Conference in 1996 to consider issues raised by Members in regard to the interaction between trade and competition policy. The purpose of this article is to look at Taiwan’s stance in regard to the WTO Competition Policy issue. The article begins with the Doha Ministerial Declaration on “Competition Policy”, and then raises proposals for the government’s reference from three dimensions: the modalities of negotiations in relation tωo procedural issues, the modalities of negotiations in relation to substantial issues, and the types of special and differential treatment and technical assistance in relation to the developing and least-developed countries.