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| 3. | Rosenberg, G. N.(1991)。The hollow hope。Chicago：University of Chicago Press。 |
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| 5. | Whittington, Keith E.(1999)。Constitutional Interpretation: Textual Meaning, Original Intent and Judicial Review。Lawrence：Kansas University Press。 |
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| 7. | Bassham, Gregory(1992)。Original Intent and the Constitution。Original Intent and the Constitution。Lanham, MD。 |
| 8. | Watson, George L.、Stookey, John Alan(1995)。Shaping America: The Politics of Supreme Court Appointments。Shaping America: The Politics of Supreme Court Appointments。New York, NY。 |
| 9. | Scigliano, Robert(1971)。The Supreme Court and the Presidency。New York, NY：Free Press。 |
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| 12. | Fisher, Louis(1995)。American Constitutional Law。American Constitutional Law。New York, NY：McGraw-Hill, Inc.。 |
| 13. | (1978)。Supreme Court Activism and Restraint。Supreme Court Activism and Restraint。Lexington, MA。 |
| 14. | Jaffa, Harry V.(1994)。Original Intent and the Framers of the Constitution。Original Intent and the Framers of the Constitution。Washington, DC。 |
| 15. | Jost, Kenneth(1996)。The Supreme Court Yearbook 1995-1996。The Supreme Court Yearbook 1995-1996。Washington, DC。 |
| 16. | Lasser, William(1988)。The Limits of Judicial Power: The Supreme Court in American Politics。The Limits of Judicial Power: The Supreme Court in American Politics。Chapel Hill, NC。 |
| 17. | Levy, Leonard W.(2000)。Original Intent and the Framers' Constitution。Original Intent and the Framers' Constitution。Chicago, IL。 |
| 18. | Maltese, John Anthony(1995)。The Selling of Supreme Court Nominees。The Selling of Supreme Court Nominees。Baltimore, MD。 |
| 19. | Massaro, John(1990)。Supremely Political: The Role of Ideology and Presidential Management in Unsuccessful Supreme Court Nominations。Supremely Political: The Role of Ideology and Presidential Management in Unsuccessful Supreme Court Nominations。Albany, NY。 |
| 20. | Miller, Arthur Selwyn(1982)。Toward Increased Judicial Activism: The Political Role of the Supreme Court。Toward Increased Judicial Activism: The Political Role of the Supreme Court。0。 |
| 21. | Perry, Barbara A.(1991)。A Representative Supreme Court? : The Impact of Race, Religion, and Gender on Appointments。A Representative Supreme Court? : The Impact of Race, Religion, and Gender on Appointments。New York, NY。 |
| 22. | Witt, Elder(1990)。Congressional Quarterly's Guide to the Supreme Court。Congressional Quarterly's Guide to the Supreme Court。Washington, DC。 |
| 23. | (1997)。Judicial Activism: Bulwark of Freedom or Precarious Security?。Judicial Activism: Bulwark of Freedom or Precarious Security?。Lanham, MD。 |
| 24. | Yalof, David Alistair(1999)。Pursuit of Justices : Presidential Politics and the Selection of Supreme Court Nminees。Pursuit of Justices : Presidential Politics and the Selection of Supreme Court Nminees。Chicago, IL。 |