本研究目的為比較北台灣兩所醫院氣喘兒童父母自我處理行為之差異，以及藉由訪談探索自我處理行為之障礙，227位氣喘兒童父母，其中94位是台北地區；133位是桃園地區，完成自填結構式問卷。並訪談其中16位氣喘兒童父母。結果顯示桃園的氣喘兒童父母之年紀較輕、社經地位較低、其氣喘孩子的運動限制較多；而且其氣喘知識、始能因素以及自我處理行為皆較台北的氣喘兒童父母為差，以多元迴歸分析發現社經地位、自我效能、教育獲得、以及自覺處理效果是全部227位父母自我處理行為之顯著預測因子(Adjutsed R²=.593)。此外，訪談資料在影響氣喘兒童父母之自我處理之因素上，歸納出六項主題之內容為：不瞭解及討厭氣喘標籤、缺乏嚴重度認知、對氣喘藥物缺乏瞭解、對環境控制缺乏信心、防蟎用具的經濟負擔、懷疑處理效果。而自我處理行為的三項主要障礙為：不一致的使用另類治療、過度依賴醫療服務、以及缺乏使用尖峰呼氣流速計。居住桃園地區的氣喘兒童父母自我處理行為較差，社經地位為其中的一個重要因素，健康信念亦存在許多誤解，藉由質量整合教育需求評估研究提供豐富的資訊，可以設計適合特定群體的教育內容。

This study compared the self-management behaviors of parents with asthmatic children staying in two hospitals and explored barriers to self-management behaviors by interviewing. 227 parents were recruited for quantitative analysis by completing a self-report structured questionnaire, 94 of these parents were from the Taipei area and 133 were from the Taoyuan area. Sixteen parents were interviewed from this population. The results indicated that the parents in the Taoyuan area had younger age, lower socioeconomic status (SES), and higher exercise limitations for children. Their knowledge, enabling factors, and self-management behaviors were also lower than their counterparts in the Taipei area. The determining factors of self-management behaviors were socioeconomic status, self-efficacy, sources of education, and perceived effectiveness (Adjusted R^2=.593) in 227 parents. Six major themes about the influencing factors of self-management were deduced from the interview data: lack of understanding and dislike of the asthma label, less self-perceived severity, lack of understanding about asthma medication, lack of confidence in environmental controls, financial burden of anti-mite products, and doubt about effectiveness. Three major barriers to self-management behaviors of parents in the Taoyuan area were inconsistent use of alternative treatments, overdependence on medical service, and lack of use of peak flow meter. Parents with asthmatic children living in the Taoyuan area had poorer self-management behaviors than those in the Taipei area, and SES was one of the determining factors. The health beliefs of Taoyuan parents included many misconceptions. Conducting the educational needs assessment through quantitative and qualitative methods could provide proficiency information for designing educational content approprite to specific populations.