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題名:解剖嗜血狂魔:超越當前網路文化之妖魔幻想
書刊名:中外文學
作者:黃涵榆 引用關係
作者(外文):Huang, Cory Han-yu
出版日期:2005
卷期:34:3=399
頁次:頁85-112
主題關鍵詞:詭異恐怖小說妖魔幻想齊傑克吸血鬼德古拉網路文化The uncannyHorrorFictionMonstrous fantastyŹižekDraculaThe thingCyberculture
原始連結:連回原系統網址new window
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  • 被引用次數被引用次數:期刊(2) 博士論文(0) 專書(0) 專書論文(0)
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  • 點閱點閱:33
恐怖小說世界裏充斥著各種類型的「妖魔」,例如吸血鬼、狼人、僵屍與變種人。恐怖小說自一開始就以其「妖魔幻想」(the monstrous fantasy)與其它文類形成明顯之區隔;這樣的幻想描繪出一個奇幻世界,在那裡變形、侵入、感染與混雜等狀態──不論多麼悖離讀者世界理性的、正常的現實軌跡──都已經實現,並且深入現實,甚至顯露出人類主體面對社會、文化與科技變革與危機所產生的深層焦慮、恐懼、矛盾與不確定。因此,恐怖小說可被視為遭受挑戰的象徵體系的病癥;它們所再現的不外是既有的、長久以來被視為理所當然的一些認知、文化與意識形態框架的鬆動。另類世界的經驗實際上源自人類世界的內部深處;距離與過度接近的感覺相互混雜:「妖魔」一直都在那裡,它/他/她們同時觸發迷戀與憎惡。以精神分析的辭彙來說,恐怖小說所再現的妖魔般的恐怖或恐怖的妖魔標示了「壓抑之覆返」(the return of the repressed)或「真實層之迸裂」(the irruption of the Real)。以上述認知為基礎,本論文將分成三部分進行。第一部分討論史托克(Bram Stoker)之《吸血鬼德古拉》(Dracula),從中整理出當代恐怖小說之原型主題,例如變形、侵入、感染、混雜、以及迷戀與憎惡之辯證,導引出分析當前科技文化之方向,並藉精神分析觀點,包括弗洛依德的「詭異」(the uncanny)、拉崗的「物」(the Thing)與「陌異的核心」(the extimate),建構有助於理解妖魔幻想、詮釋恐怖小說的框架。第二部分之焦點在於當前網路文化(身體、主體性、空間與現實)科技化、合成化(cyborgizing)、虛擬化與吸血鬼化之傾向,檢視人工腦學(cybernetics)、人造生命(Artificial Life)、聯結論(connectionism)、塞爆空間(cyberspace)與虛擬實境(Virtual Reality)之論述與想像,批判其意識形態之基礎,例如「人類為資訊處理單位」、通訊狂、身份遊戲、或是更妖魔性的「真實層衝動」(the passion for the Real)。第三部分針對不同的次文化領域── 包括新世紀運動、外星烏托邦(the Extropians)、《千禧世界》(Mondo 2000)、與史帝拉(Stelarc)之身體表演──之妖魔幻想進行批判性閱讀,所側重之議題為商品戀物、肉體戀懼與政治倫理行動力等。本文以「超越妖魔幻想」為其終極目標,試圖形塑一種能夠統合科技現實、道德抉擇與行動、以及人類主體幻想、驅力與快感(enjoyment)之科技文化倫理框架。如果我們無法驅除妖魔,我們至少需要以妥適的道德態度與之共處。
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