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題名：保險詐欺決意歷程之理性因素研究：以殺人詐領保險金案件為例
書刊名：犯罪與刑事司法研究
作者：楊超倫
作者(外文)：Yang, Chao-lun
出版日期：2006
卷期：6
頁次：頁1-63
主題關鍵詞：保險詐欺；詐領保險金；理性；理性選擇模式；Insurance fraud；Rationality；Rational choice
原始連結：連回原系統網址new window
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在現今臺灣社會保險觀念日漸普及，保險業持續成長之同時，保險詐斯案件亦層出不窮。有關此種影響整體經濟秩序與社會大眾利益甚鉅之犯罪，過去本土之研究侷限於保險學與法學領域。本研究則自犯罪學理論與經濟學研究中的「理性」觀點出發，對保險詐欺的犯罪行為與行為人，系統性地探究其特徵、類型、動機與成因，希冀瞭解其犯罪歷程。 本研究針對保險詐欺中，「殺人詐領保險金」類型之加害人，以質性取向的深度訪談獲取研究資料。透過司法與矯正機關資料庫，選出八名在監服刑之受訪者;而進行訪談後，共有六名個案之資料可供分析。研究者參考紮根理論研究法之程序來分析資料，發現此類型犯罪人有以下五項理性因素:(一)獨力犯罪與共謀犯罪的考量;(二)實施犯罪前的對各種可行策略的計算行為;(三)犯罪當時的合理化行為;(四)實施犯罪後的滅證行為;(五)對於仇恨的抑制。同時亦發現，「殺他人偽裝成自己死亡者」必屬此種犯罪之「偶發型」;「殺被保險人者」則有可能為「偶發型」或「持續型」。 提出五點關於從事後續研究的建議:(一)建立本土保險詐欺案例之資料庫;(二)進一步分析本研究中所發現的範疇;(三)比較國外殺人詐領保金的研究，建構整合性的理論;(四)對本土其他保險詐欺的類型進行研究;(五)對未選擇保險詐欺者進行決意歷程研究，以資比較。
As the idea of insurance and the insurance industry expands over Taiwan society day by day, the insurance frauds emerge in an endless stream. Past local researches concerning this kind of crime having severe impact on overall economic order and the interest of society are limited in the domains of insurance and law study. However, this research is rooted in the “rationality” discussed in criminology and economics. Researcher tries to understand the crime course of insurance fraud by systematically inquiring into its characteristics, types, motives and origins. This research is based on the qualitative analyses of interviews with six inmates who committed insurance fraud crime by murder. Interviews are analyzed using “open coding” and “axial coding” processes of Grounded theory. Five rational factors have been revealed. An offender of this kind of crime will:(1) consider committing insurance fraud by himself or with others, (2) count every possible strategy before he commits insurance fraud, (3) rationalize his crime, (4) destroy evidences after committing crime, and (56) temporarily suppress his hatred against his victim. It is also found that offenders who murdered someone to substitute for his own death will have “Event” crime course, and offenders who murdered the insured will have “Involvement” crime course. Five suggestions about future study:(1) to build up a database of local cases of insurance fraud, (2) to have further analysis on the categories found in this research, (3) to compare foreign study to construct a comprehensive theory, (4) to study other kinds of insurance fraud, (5) to inquire into the decision-making process of those not taking insurance fraud as action strategy.
Other
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期刊論文
1.Hechter, Michael、Kanazawa, Satoshi(1997)。Sociological Rational Choice Theory。Annual Review of Sociology，23(1)，191-214。  new window
2.Paternoster, R.、Nagin, D. S.(1991)。The preventive effects of the perceived risk of arrest: Testing an expanded conception of deterrence。Criminology，29，561-585。  new window
3.王正偉(19990300)。我國保險法之複保險規範與道德危險之控制--以傷害保險為範圍。保險專刊，55，108-136。new window  延伸查詢new window
4.Becker, Gary S.(1968)。Crime and Punishment: An Economic Approach。Journal of Political Economy，76(2)，169-217。  new window
5.Derrig, Richard A.(2002)。Insurance Fraud。Journal of Risk and Insurance，69(3)，271-287。  new window
學位論文
1.何泰寬(1993)。犯罪的經濟學分析(碩士論文)。國立台灣大學。  延伸查詢new window
圖書
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2.Cook, Karen Schweers、Levi, Margaret(1990)。The Limits of Rationality。Chicago：University of Chicago Press。  new window
3.齊力、林本炫(2003)。質性研究方法與資料分析。嘉義：南華大學教育社會學研究所。  延伸查詢new window
4.胡幼慧(2000)。質性硏究理論、方法及本土女性硏究實例。台北：巨流。  延伸查詢new window
5.勞倫茲、王守珍(1996)。攻擊的秘密--從演化論的觀點看攻擊性。臺北：遠流。  延伸查詢new window
6.Simon, Herbert A.(1982)。Models of Bounded Rationality。Cambridge, Massachusetts：MIT Press。  new window
7.Babbie, Earl、李美華、孔祥明、林嘉娟、王婷玉(1998)。社會科學研究方法。時英出版社。  延伸查詢new window
其他
1.Nagin, D. S. and G. Pogarsky(2003)。An Experimental Investigation of Deterrence: Cheating, Self-serving Bias, and Impulsivity。  new window
2.王業宇、陳琪譯，蓋瑞．貝克著(1995)。人類行為的經濟分析。  延伸查詢new window
3.江瑞明(1989)。公務員貪污行為之經濟分析：警察人員之個案研究。  延伸查詢new window
4.吳崇權譯，月足一清著(1988)。人壽保險犯罪及其防止對策。  延伸查詢new window
5.李添福(2002)。剖析保險詐欺成因及防制對策。  延伸查詢new window
6.周愫嫻譯，法蘭克.威廉斯三世(Frank P. Williams III)，馬玉琳.馬克蕭(Marilyn D. McShane)著(1994)。犯罪學理論(Criminological Theory)。  延伸查詢new window
7.施少華、姜建強等譯，羅伯斯.D.考特(Cooter, Robert D.)，托馬斯.S.尤倫(Ulen, Thomas S.)著(2002)。法和經濟學(Low and Economics)。  延伸查詢new window
8.徐宗國譯，史特勞斯(Anselm Strauss)，科爾賓(Juliet Corbin)合著(2000)。質性研究概論(Basics of Qualitative Research: Grounded Theory Procedures and Techniques)。  延伸查詢new window
9.許春金(1998)。家庭內的殺人事件之研究。  延伸查詢new window
10.許春金(2000)。犯罪學。  延伸查詢new window
11.曾武仁(1992)。國際保險詐欺協會與保險詐欺問題。  延伸查詢new window
12.廖先偉(2001)。運用邏輯斯迴歸模式於人身保險詐欺管理之研究。  延伸查詢new window
13.趙月瑟譯，米德．喬治(Mead, George Herbert)著(1992)。心靈、自我與社會(Mind, Self and Society)。  延伸查詢new window
14.鄭丰宓(1996)。論保險詐欺之刑事責任。  延伸查詢new window
15.賴法才(1990)。累犯行為的經濟分析。  延伸查詢new window
16.謝政耀(1993)。保險詐欺：欺騙的流行。  延伸查詢new window
17.簡美慧(2003)。從我國法院判決論保險詐欺之態樣、成因、特徵與防制之道。  延伸查詢new window
18.Anand, P.(1993)。Foundations of Rational Choice Under Risk。  new window
19.Artis, ., M. Ayuso and M. Guillen(2002)。Detection of Automobile Insurance Fraud with Discrete Choice Models and Misclassified Claims。  new window
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22.Brockett, P. L, X. H. Xia and R. A. Derrig(1998)。Using Kohonen's Self-organizing Feature Map to Uncover Automobile Bodily Injury Claims Fraud。  new window
23.Brockett, P. L., R. A. Derrig, L. L. Golden, A. Levine and M. Alpert(2002)。Fraud Classification Using Principal Component Analysis of RIDITs。  new window
24.Clark, J., T. Davies and H. Tilley(2003)。Fraud Investigation: A Claims Handler's Guide。  new window
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28.Fishburn, P. C.(1982)。The Foundations of Expected Utility。  new window
29.Fox, B. R.(2000)。Technology: The New Weapon in the War on Insurance Fraud。  new window
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32.Grasmick, H. G., R. J. Bursik, JR. and B. J. Arneklev(1993)。Reduction in Drunk Driving as a Response to Increased Threats of Shame, Embarrassment, and Legal Sanctions。  new window
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