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題名:鄭和艦隊於忽魯謨斯五十二天--鄭和遠航原始動機的探尋
書刊名:成大歷史學報
作者:蕭弘德
作者(外文):Hsiao, Hung-te
出版日期:2006
卷期:30
頁次:頁91-137
主題關鍵詞:鄭和明朝帖木兒帝國蒙古戰略航海Zheng HeMing dynastyTimur empireMongolia
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  • 被引用次數被引用次數:期刊(1) 博士論文(0) 專書(0) 專書論文(0)
  • 排除自我引用排除自我引用:1
  • 共同引用共同引用:9
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有很多的闡釋關於鄭和遠航的原始主要動機,我在這篇論文建立一個全新的理論。鄭和航行的最初主要目的是一個密秘軍事任務,五十二個理由將確證我的理論。 1398年帖木兒入侵至印度德里,他的軍事能力在當時的世界是非常著名的。當東羅馬帝國幾乎要被奧圖曼土耳其滅亡時,派遣密使訪問撒馬兒罕──帖木兒帝國的首都請求帖木兒帝國協助,1402帖木兒嚴重的擊敗了奧圖曼‧土耳其,拯救了東羅馬帝國,成為最強大的回教國家,地球上大明帝國以外最強大的帝國。帖木兒自稱是成吉思汗的後裔,而元朝忽必烈汗的後裔──本雅失里親至撒馬兒罕,尋求援助恢復大元帝國,並摧毀判亂的朱明勢力。 1395年明帝國洪武皇帝派遣傅安、郭驥率一千五百人的龐大使節團出訪帖木兒帝國,被扣留。1397年明帝國使節陳德文亦被扣留。明帝國亦和帖木兒第四子,駐紮於哈烈 (今阿富汗西部) 的沙哈魯接觸。下面是我結論的摘要: 鄭和航海的原始主要動機是:大明帝國永樂皇帝尋求和帖木兒帝國改善關係,或建立軍事同盟,以分裂帖木兒帝國和北元可能的合作,以進行大規模軍事遠征,徹底摧毀北元蒙古──靼韃和瓦剌的力量。 訪問帖木兒帝國的忽魯謨斯是鄭和航海主要目的地;以偉大的艦隊展現大明帝國的實力,並贈送很多禮物給帖木兒帝國,沙哈魯亦曾派遣使節從海路訪問明帝國,所有《明實錄》裏的忽魯謨斯皆代表帖木兒帝國。例如:「忽魯謨斯等十六國使臣還國,賜鈔幣表裏,遣太監鄭和等齋敕及錦綺、紗羅、綾絹等物,賜諸國王。就與使臣偕行。」(《明成祖實錄》‧卷一百一十九‧永樂十九年正月癸已)
There are several explanations of the original chief motive for the expeditions of Admiral Zheng He. In this thesis I put forward an entirely new theory. Zheng He's voyage, I argue, included a secret military mission, and fifty-two considerations are used to support my interpretation. Relevant Chinese classical books of the Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties carry implications of Sinocenterism, prejudice, territorialism, and a confusion between tribute and trade, which often distort the reality of history. My thesis uses resources from different countries to appraise historical works and ocumentations from the Ming Dynasty and early Qing Dynasty, in order to analyze the real situation of international relations in the early Ming Period. I summarize my conclusions below: The original chief motive of Admiral Zheng He's voyage was a military alliance with the Timur Empire for the purpose of destroying “the North Yuan”- the Tartar and Oirot empires. The whole of records about Hormuz in the Mingshilu (明實錄) represent the Timur Empire. For example: ﹝1421﹞The ambassadors of 16 countries including Hormuz and so on retuened to their countries, the money and Imperial Memoranda were bestowed. Grand Eunuch Zheng He and others were dispatched to take Imperial Proclamations and in addition luxurious clothes, cotton cloths, silks and other things for granting to Kings. Thus Zheng He and ambassadors went together.
會議論文
1.陳信雄、陳玉女(2003)。鄭和下西洋國際學術研討會論文集。鄭和下西洋國際學術研討會。臺北:稻鄉。  延伸查詢new window
學位論文
1.Rossabi, Morris(1970)。Ming China's relations with Hami and Central Asia, 1404-1513: A re-examination of traditional Chinese foreign policy(博士論文)。Columbia University,New York。  new window
圖書
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2.Wang, Gungwu(1998)。The Nanhai Trade: The Early History of Chinese Trade in the South China Sea。Times Academic Press。  new window
3.徐玉虎(1980)。明鄭和之研究。高雄:德馨室出版社。  延伸查詢new window
4.陳信雄(1992)。宋元海外發展史研究。臺南:甲乙出版社。  延伸查詢new window
5.陳信雄、鄭永常(2003)。鄭和研究與活動簡訊。台南:國立成功大學。  延伸查詢new window
6.法顯、楊維中(2004)。佛國記。台北:三民書局。  延伸查詢new window
7.馬歡、馮承鈞(1934)。瀛涯勝覽。上海:商務印書館。  延伸查詢new window
8.宋濂(1977)。元史。北京:中華書局。  延伸查詢new window
9.張奕善(1991)。朱明王朝史論文輯--太祖太宗篇。台北。  延伸查詢new window
10.鄭鶴聲、鄭一鈞(1989)。鄭和下西洋資料彙編。齊魯書社。  延伸查詢new window
11.中央研究院歷史語言研究所(1966)。明實錄(3375卷)。台北:中央研究院歷史語言研究所。  延伸查詢new window
12.de Clavijo, Ruy Gonzalez、Le Strange, Guy(1928)。Narrative of the Spanish Embassy to the Court of Timur at Samarkand in the years 1403-1406。London:Broadway Travellers Series。  new window
13.Holt, Peter Malcolm、Lambton, Ann K. S.、Lewis, Bernard(1970)。The Cambridge history of Islam。Cambridge:Cambridge University Press。  new window
14.Batuta, Ibn、Defremery, C.、Sanguinetti, B. R.(1994)。The travels of Ibn Battuta A.D. 1325-1354。Cambridge:The Hakluyt Society, Cambridge University Press。  new window
15.李焯然、毛佩琦(1994)。明成祖史論。臺北:文津出版社。  延伸查詢new window
16.Jackson, Peter(1986)。The Cambridge History of Iran, volume 6, The Timurid and Safavid Periods。Cambridge:Cambridge University Press。  new window
17.Breazeale, Kennon(2002)。From Japan to Arabia: Ayutthaya's maritime relations with Asia。Krung Thep:Sun Nangsu Chula。  new window
18.Manz, Beatrice Forbes(1989)。The rise and rule of Tamerlane。New York:Cambridge University Press。  new window
19.Maspero, Georges(1982)。The kingdom of Champa。Ann Arbor, Mich:University Microfilms International。  new window
20.Mote, Frederick W.(2003)。Imperial China, 900-1800。Cambridge, Massachusetts:Harvard University Press。  new window
21.Muljana, Slamet(1976)。A story of Majapahit。Singapore University Press。  new window
22.Nakkash, Khwaja Ghaiassuddin(1915)。A Persian Embassy to China。  new window
23.Yule, Henry(1913)。Cathay and the way thither Vol. I: being a collection of medieval notices of China。London:Hakluyt Society。  new window
24.Polo, Marco(1903)。The book of Ser Marco Polo the Venetian concerning the kingdoms and marvels of the East。London:J. Murray。  new window
25.Ptak, Roderich(1998)。China and the Asian Seas: trade, travel, and visions of the other (1400-1750)。Aldershot:Brookfield, VT:Ashgate。  new window
26.Rama Sharma, M. H.(1980)。The history of the Vijayanagar Empire。Bombay:Popular Prakashan。  new window
27.Wang, Gungwu(1999)。China and Southeast Asia: myths, threats, and culture。Singapore University Press。  new window
28.Wang, Gungwu(1991)。China and the Chinese Overseas。Times Academic Press。  new window
29.茅元儀、向達(1961)。鄭和航海圖。北京:中華書局。  延伸查詢new window
30.張廷玉(1977)。明史。北京:中華書局。  延伸查詢new window
31.鄭永常(2004)。來自海洋的挑戰:明代海貿政策演變研究。臺北:稻鄉出版社。  延伸查詢new window
32.徐玉虎(19760000)。明代鄭和航海圖之研究。臺北:臺灣學生書局。new window  延伸查詢new window
圖書論文
1.朱亞非(1993)。略論明朝與撒馬爾罕的關係。明代中外關係史研究。  延伸查詢new window
 
 
 
 
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