近來物理學與生命科學以及特別是神經科學的發展，已然引領多人接受某種僵硬形式的還原主義。在那裡，人類理智、人類主動性和意識等被認定為可以用純粹的生物學語彙來解類。本文將描述郎尼根的人學；本文認為郎尼根對人性位格的瞭解乃是立基於此思想中的兩大支柱，即：其知識論基本立場為，真實乃是可驗證的可理解性；而其對世界歷程的瞭解則為突現機率。人性位格被認為是物質與精神的統一體，同時具有可理解性與理智。本文考察物質和精神的本性，而諸如二元論與一元論的對立、人類意識的突現和靈性的本性亦是本文所關心的議題。

Current developments in the physical and life sciences and especially in neuro-science have led may to accept a strong form of reductionism where it is presumed that human intelligence, human agency and consciousness will be explainable in purely biological terms. The anthropology of Bernard Lonergan is described. Lonergan’s understanding of the human person is built on two pillars of this thought: his basic epistemological stance that the real is verified intelligibility and his understanding of world process as emergent probability. The human person is seen to be a unity of the material and the spiritual that is both intelligible and intelligent. The nature of the material and the spiritual are considered. Questions such as dualism versus monism, the emergence of human consciousness and the nature of the soul are considered.