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題名:美國國家認同的新實驗
書刊名:臺灣國際研究季刊
作者:紀舜傑 引用關係
作者(外文):Ji, Shuh-jie
出版日期:2006
卷期:2:3
頁次:頁73-90
主題關鍵詞:國家認同國家文化多元文化主義西班牙裔移民移民法案
原始連結:連回原系統網址new window
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  • 被引用次數被引用次數:期刊(1) 博士論文(0) 專書(0) 專書論文(1)
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  • 點閱點閱:26
美國是人類近 200 多年來許多政治、社會制度最活躍 的實驗場
所,沒有人會認定她的實驗結果都令人滿意,但不可否認地,許多
人類的共同問題都可以經由美國經驗獲取直接或是間接,甚至是反
面的啟發。隨著移民來源的改變以及世界文化趨勢的改變,傳統美
國是民族大熔爐的說法與制約無法適用於新時代的移民問題。移民
帶給美國社會經濟問題與國家認同問題,特別是 2001 年的 911 恐怖
攻擊也讓美國人反思美國人的意義與內涵。新移民帶來不同的文化
背景,因此多元文化的存在帶來多元文化主義的要求,不同文化背
景的人不見得願意自己的文化在一個大熔爐內消失,另外,既然強
調多元文化,那獨尊某樣文化是否具有正當性?多元文化主義即在
尊重各種文化的差異,藉著相互尊重以達到保存與維護各種文化資
產的目的。本文的目的即在探討美國在面臨多元文化主義與國家認
同的議題時的回應,為何多元文化主義會在被公認民主最深化的美
國社會遭到攻擊?美國近來關於國家認同危機的討論提供我們何種
內涵與形式的借鏡?國家認同是否必須有一個國家文化為基礎?這
些都是引發本論文研究動機的重要問題。在整理與比較美國各界正
反雙方的論述以外,在結論中將以比較觀點來看這些問題。
It is rarely challenged that the United States has been the liveliest
laboratory for human experiences in the last 2 centuries. Although it does
not necessarily produce all the positive outcomes, it indeed provides as
many references for other parts of the world as possible. One thing
relatively noticed is about the national identity issue in the U.S. since
people all around the world work to become an American. The
conventional metaphor of the American society as a melting pot is losing
its validity to the newly advocated principle of multiculturalism. Under
multiculturalism, people respect differences, especially those of the
minority groups. However, the new principle is under attack by some
famous American intellectuals, accusing it to undermine the solid
foundation of American national culture of WASP. Among them Samuel P.
Huntington made the most noise not only in the academic but also in the
society. This paper is to review discourses on American national identity
and to analyze the new discussion on this issue after September. 11
attacks of 2001.
期刊論文
1.梁茂信(1997)。1940-1990年美國移民政策的變化與影響。美國研究,1。  延伸查詢new window
2.Blendon, Robert J.、Pelletier, Stephen R.、Brodie, Mollyann、Benson, John M.、Hamel, Elizabeth C.、Raleigh, Elizabeth、Rosenbaum, Marcus D.、Altman, Drew E.(2005)。Immigration and the U.S. Economy The Public’s Perspective。Challenge,48(2),113-132。  new window
3.U.S. Census Bureau(2001)。Profile of the Foreign-Born Population of the United States: 2000。Current Population Reports, Special Studies,23-206。  new window
4.Segura, Gary M.(2005)。Who Are We? The Challenges to America’s National Identity。Perspectives on Politics,3(3),640-642。  new window
5.Walzer, Michael(1990)。What Does It Mean to be an American。Social Research,57(3),591-623。  new window
圖書
1.Levy, Jacob T.(2000)。The Multiculturalism of Fear。Oxford:Oxford University Press。  new window
2.Borjas, George J.(1999)。From Heaven’s Door: Immigration Policy and the American Economy。Princeton:Princeton University Press。  new window
3.Karst, Kenneth L.(1989)。Belonging to America: Equal Citizenship and the Constitution。New Haven:Yale University Press。  new window
4.King, Desmond(2004)。The Liberty of Strangers: Making the American Nation。New York:Oxford University Press。  new window
5.LeMay, Michael(2004)。The Perennial Struggle: Race Ethnicity and Minority Group Relations in the United States。Upper SaddIe-River, N.J.:Prentice Hall。  new window
6.Kymlicka, Will(1995)。Multicultural Citizenship: A Liberal Theory of Minority Rights。Clarendon Press。  new window
其他
1.Brook, David(20060330)。Immigrants to be proud of,http://select.nytimes.com/2006/03/30/opinion/30brooks.html?8hpib。  new window
2.(20060527)。Editorial: An Immigration Victory。  new window
3.NPR(2004)。Immigration in America,http://www.npr.org/news/ specials/polls/2004/immigration/。  new window
4.U.S. Census Bureau(2003)。Statistical Abstract of the United States: 2003,http://www.census.gov/prod/2004pubs/03statab/pop.pdf。  new window
5.Swarns, Rachel L.(20060526)。Senate, in Bipartisan Act, Passes an Immigration Bill,http://www.nytimes.com/2006/05/26/washington/26immig.html。  new window
6.Solomon, Deborah(20040502)。Questions for Samuel P. Huntington: Three Cheers FOR Assimilation!?,http://www.nytimes.com/2004/05/02/magazine/02QUESTIONS.html。  new window
7.(20060531)。參院法案雖通過移民改革路漫漫,http://epochtimes.com/b5/6/5/31/n1335538.html。  延伸查詢new window
圖書論文
1.Chavez, Linda(1996)。Towards a New Politics of Hispanic Assimilation。Inventing America: Readings in Identity and Culture。New York:St. Martin's Press。  new window
2.Gleason, Philip(1992)。American Identity and Americanization。Harvard Encyclopedia of American Ethnic Groups。Cambridge, Mass:Harvard University Press。  new window
3.Huntington, Samuel P.(2004)。Who Are We?。The Challenges to America's National Identity。New York:Simon & Schuster。  new window
4.Kesler, Charles R.(2005)。The Crisis of American National Identity。Heritage Lecture。Heritage Foundation。  new window
 
 
 
 
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