There were two ways through which Confucianism came into the Ryukyus. The first one was the coming of the Japanese Buddhist monks in the period between between the 13th and the 17th centuries. Thoroughly versed in Buddhism, the Japanese monks also carried Chinese culture into the Ryukyus. The second was the arrival of the Satsuma (薩摩) Confucian scholars who introduced into the Ryukyus the punctuation method for reading the Chinese books. Since then, all the Ryukyu officials had to learn the Chinese language, poetry and the writing of the official letters.