本文旨在針對芬蘭高等教育初步介紹其現況，並且探討其教育挑戰。九○年代芬蘭推動中等職業教育學校合併改制成為技術學院，成立AMK技術學院體系提供學士學位高等職業教育。因此，當前芬蘭高等教育依法明確劃分不同教育功能的傳統大學院校與技術學院兩體系。雖然早期芬蘭大學院校負面回應波隆納宣言，然而，為了鞏固其歐洲高等教育區域的地位，各大學於2005年完成波隆納進程學位改革。基於學術性大學與專業性技術學院的教育差異本質，技術學院所提供的碩士學位課程結合成人教育與終身學習的特色。鑑於提升國際競爭力與國內發展的需求，芬蘭面臨如何適切維持其高等教育「公平但不同」雙軌制的挑戰。

This article introduces a brief description of higher education system in Finland. After Finland succeeded in merging and then upgrading former vocational institutes into the AMK (polytechnic) institutions during the 90's, the AMK system was officially established and provides vocationally oriented higher education at bachelor level. Therefore, the higher education system in Finland comprises university education and polytechnic education based on different functions and missions reinforced by policy statements. Initially, the Finnish universities negatively responded to the Bologna declaration. However, in order to strengthen the position in the European Higher Education Area, the new degree structure was adopted by Finnish universities in 2005. given the distinction between "academic" universities and "professional" AMK institutions, the AMK institutions have recently launched master's degree programs with a combination of adult education and lifelong learning characteristics. Consequently, Finland faces the challenges of the Maintenance of its "Equal but Different" dual system in the view of the increasing international competition and national development needs.