鐵道博物館是許多先進國家的工業實力展示，與該國交通歷史與科技教育的重要資源。 就博物館（museum）的功能性而言，具有記錄歷史與保存文物（curiosities）、計畫性的展示 (Exhibition)以及教育（education）三個重點。本文透過國際知名的鐵道博物館介紹，與國內 鐵道文化保存現狀做比較，期以建立鐵道博物館的國際視野。此外，國際上有所謂的保存鐵 道Museum Railway，又稱為博物館鐵道，保存鐵道同時具備交通工具與文化資產兩種屬性， 並非以賺錢為主要目的，而是以保存鐵道文化資產為目標。本文依照不同的鐵道經營體系， 簡介台灣鐵道文化資產的保存現況，透過國際視野的分析，可以發現台灣鐵道文化缺乏有系 統的保存制度，並期望為國家鐵道博物館而催生；而台灣有某些鐵道面臨經營困境，適合以 保存鐵道重新定位，以文化資產角色重獲新生。我們期待鐵道博物館與文物保存的國際視野， 讓台灣鐵道除了現代化發展高鐵與捷運之外，亦能從文化歷史深層面建立新價值。

The Railway Museum is the representation of industry power for modernized country. It plays the important role in education of transportation history and technology. There are three components of museum that includes the historic records and preservation for curiosities, scheduled Exhibition, planning education. We introduce many famous railway museums and make comparison to the current preservation in Taiwan Railway culture and curiosities. The universal view of Railway Museum would be learned and much shortage of preservation in Taiwan Railway would be found. The Museum Railway be created for saved many old railway, it operates for preservation of railway culture and curiosities. We wish to establish National Railway Museum of Taiwan and transfer some old railway to Museum Railway, and also create new value and social attention of railway culture and curiosities.