Jean-Paul Sartre was a very important philosopher in modern France, whose existentialism is one of the major schools of humanistic thoughts in France. He was also a talented writer, creating many important works in the field of literature. But in the meantime, he was an enthusiastic participant in politics, who brought fully into play the French tradition of writers participating in politics and reforming people's minds. This paper is to present Sartre's glorious career in the field of politics. First of all, this paper is to roughly introduce Sartre's ideas about participation in political activities and analyze it's meaning. Then we will show Sartre's tracks in the political activities in France, explaining specifically the positions he took in many political events and the implications of his actions. Finally, the third part of this paper is to analyze particularly Sartre's relationships with China. One the one hand, we will outline Sartre's views about early mainland China; on the other hand, we will also introduce the impact he made on Chinese literature, philosophy and politics. Although the academic circle of France have both positive and negative judgments on Sartre's participation in politics, nonetheless, he was still one of the greatest litterateurs of the 20th century France. On the other hand, even though Sartre had much appeal for the academic circle of China in literature and philosophy, regarding politics, he didn't make any obvious influence on the development of Chinese politics.