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| 2. | Thomas, Aquinas Saint。De Veritate。 |
| 3. | Tillich, Paul(2000)。The Courage to Be。New Haven：London：Yale University Press。 |
| 4. | Kane, Robert(2005)。A conteomporary introduction to Free Will。A conteomporary introduction to Free Will。Oxford。 |
| 5. | Rahner, Karl。The Dilemma of Determinism。The Dilemma of Determinism。 |
| 6. | Murray, John Courtney(1964)。The problem of God。The problem of God。New Haven。 |
| 7. | Scotus, John Duns(1994)。Contingency and Freedom。Contingency and Freedom。Dordrecht。 |
| 8. | Shannon, Thomas A.(1995)。The ethical theory of John Duns Scotus. A dialogue with the Medieval and Modern Thought。Quincy, IL：Franciscan Press, Quincy University。 |
| 9. | Scotus, Duns。De primo Principio。De primo Principio。 |
| 10. | Soder, Joachim R.(2004)。La doctrine scotiste de la contingence。Duns Scot a Paris 1302-2002。Belgium。 |
| 11. | Maritain, Jacques。An Introduction to Philosophy。An Introduction to Philosophy。 |
| 12. | Scotus, Duns(1997)。On the will and Morality。On the will and Morality。Washington, D. C.。 |
| 13. | Scotus, Duns(1955)。Metaphysician。Metaphysician。West Lafayett, In.。 |
| 14. | Ingham, Mary Beth、Dreyer, M.(2004)。The Philosophical Vision of John Duns Scotus. An introduction。The Philosophical Vision of John Duns Scotus. An introduction。Washington, D. C.。 |
| 15. | Ingham, Mary Beth(1996)。The Harmony of Goodness. Mutuality and Moral Living according to John Duns Scotus。Quincy Illinois：Franciscan Press。 |
| 16. | Vos, Antonie(2006)。The Philosophy of John Duns Scotus。Edinburg：Edinburg University Press。 |
| 17. | Mondin, Battista(1985)。Philosophical Anthropology。Philosophical Anthropology。Rome。 |
| 18. | Roberts, Lawrence G.(1984)。A comparison of Duns Scotus and Thomas Aquinas on the human freedom of choice。Homo et Mundus。Romae。 |
| 19. | Bonansea。Duns Scotus' voluntarism。Duns Scotus' voluntarism。 |
| 20. | St. Augustin。Secundae Additiones。Secundae Additiones。 |
| 21. | Jaczn, Vos(1966)。Ioannis Duns Scoti Opera omnia (Vol. 17)。Ioannis Duns Scoti Opera omnia (Vol. 17)。 |
| 22. | Cross, Richard(1999)。Duns Scotus。New York：Oxford University Press。 |
| 23. | Wolter, A.(1990)。Native Freedom of the Will as a Key to the Ethics of Duns Scotus。The Philosophical Theology of John Duns Scotus。Ithaca, New York。 |
| 24. | Frank, W. Arthur(1980)。The perfection of freedom connotes a perseverance and stability in the will's adherence to the good。John Duns Scotus' Quodlibetal Teaching on the will。Ann Arbor。 |
| 25. | Della Mirandola, Pico Giovanni(1997)。Oratio de hominis dignitate。Oratio de hominis dignitate。Stuttgart。 |
| 26. | Wolter, A.(2003)。Scotus and Ockham. Selected Essays。Scotus and Ockham. Selected Essays。New York。 |
| 27. | Wolter, Allan B.(1972)。Native Freedom of the Will as a Key to the Ethics of Scotus。Deus et Homo ad mentem I. Duns Scoti。Romae：Societas Internatonalis Scotistica。 |