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題名:Defining Women: Masculine Violence in Defoe, Pope, and Swift
書刊名:文山評論:文學與文化
作者:石耀西
作者(外文):Shih, Yao-hsi
出版日期:2009
卷期:3:1
頁次:頁79-101
主題關鍵詞:Masculine violenceDaniel FefoeAnexander PopeJonathan SwiftDiachronicalSynchronical男性暴力狄福波普斯威福特歷時性共時性
原始連結:連回原系統網址new window
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本文擬從歷時與共時二時間軸,檢視十八世紀早期英國文學作品中的亞馬遜女戰士。以狄福小說《羅克珊娜》為依據,本文首先從縱向歷史的角度,探討古希臘歷史作品中亞馬遜女戰士與羅克珊娜之間的歷史關連。其次,本文將羅克珊娜與同時期波普所著《秀髮劫》與斯威福特《愛爾蘭專文》中的女主角們,進行橫向比較。上述歷史縱、橫垂直的比對點出,狄福、波普與斯威福特文本中的男性暴力本質。自古以降,亞馬遜女戰士籠罩在謀殺、性暴力與屈辱的陰影中,而羅克莎娜的命運也同出一轍,她被控為弒女兇手,並且最終身敗名裂。與羅克莎娜同時期的女主角們則在帝國主義與擴張主義意識形態下,被塑造為強權貿易與男性暴力的代理人。這些女性不僅執行掩飾男性暴力的任務,更在文本中屢被物化與商品化,成為男性作家筆下道德敗壞、經濟衰退與貿易虧絀的代罪羔羊。
This paper examines the Amazon trope in the narratives of the early eighteenth century. Based on Defoe’s Roxana, it first explores diachronically the origin of Amazon warriors in ancient Greek historical works and examines how the ancient foremothers and the modern English heiress are related; then it synchronically compares Roxana with her counterpart, Belinda, in Alexander Pope’s The Rape of the Lock, and further with Irish women in Jonathan Swift’s Irish Tracts. The perpendicular approaches lay open different acts of masculine violence in literary works. Historically the Amazons were forced to murder, forced sexual acts, and humiliation; in like manner, Roxana is accused of filicide and cannot be exempt from her downfall. Contemporarily Roxana- and Belinda-like women are characterized as concealing male agency of mercantilism and male violence of imperial enterprise, while they, English or Irish, are further commodified and made the sites of cultural corruption and scapegoats for economic recession and trade deficits.
期刊論文
1.Maurer, Shawn Lisa.(2004)。“‘I wou’d be a Man-Woman’: Roxana’s Amazonian Threat to the Ideology of Marriage.”。Texas Studies in Literature and Language,46.3,363-86。  new window
2.Rudat, Wolfgang E. H.(1985)。“Pope’s Belinda, Milton’s Eve, and the Missionary Position.”。American Notes and Queries,23.7-8,103-4。  new window
3.Sena, John F.(1980)。“‘The wide Circumference around’: The Context of Belinda’s Petticoat in The Rape of the Lock.”。Language and Literature,16,260-67。  new window
圖書
1.Moglen, Helene(2001)。The Trauma of Gender: A Feminist Theory of the English Novel。Berkeley:U of California P。  new window
2.Brown, Laura(1993)。Ends of Empire: Women and Ideology in Early Eighteenth-Century English Literature。Ithaca:Cornell UP。  new window
3.Astell, Mary.(2005)。Reflections upon Marriage. 1706。The Eloquence of Mary Astell。Alberta, Canada。  new window
4.Cavendish, Margaret.(1999)。The Convent of Pleasure and Other Plays。Baltimore。  new window
5.Defoe, Daniel.(1998)。Roxana: The Fortunate Mistress。Oxford。  new window
6.Earnest Cary、Diodorus, Siculus(1979)。Diodorus of Sicily, Vol. 2。Cambridge, MA。  new window
7.Fell, Margaret.(1666)。Women’s Speaking Justified。London。  new window
8.A. D. Godley、Herodotus.(1982)。Herodotus. Vol.2。Cambridge, MA。  new window
9.Pope, Alexander.(1998)。The Rape of the Lock。Boston。  new window
10.Quintus, Smyrnaeus、Way, Arthur S.(1984)。The Fall of Troy。Cambridge, MA:Harvard UP。  new window
11.Swift, Jonathan.(1971)。“Answer to Several Letters from Unknown Persons.”。Irish Tracts: 1728-1733。Oxford。  new window
12.Swift, Jonathan.(1971)。“A Proposal that All the Ladies and Women of Ireland Should Appear Constantly in Irish Manufactures.”。Irish Tracts: 1728-1733。Oxford。  new window
13.Blundell, Sue.(1995)。Women in Ancient Greece。Harvard。  new window
14.Brown, Laura.(1999)。Ideology and Form in Eighteenth-Century Literature。Lubbock, TX。  new window
15.Kahn, Madeleine.(1991)。Narrative Transvestism: Rhetoric and Gender in the Eighteenth-Century English Novel。Ithaca。  new window
16.Kleinbaum, Abby Wettan.(1983)。The War against the Amazons。New York。  new window
17.Roche, Daniel、Evans, Marie、Lewis, Gwynne(1987)。The People of Paris: An Essay in Popular Culture in the Eighteenth Century。Berkeley:U of California P。  new window
18.Sennett, Richard(1978)。The Fall of Public Man。New York:Random House。  new window
19.Smith-Rosenberg, Carroll.(1986)。Feminist Studies/Critical Studies。Bloomington。  new window
20.Stadler, Eva Maria.(1994)。Reconfigured Spheres: Feminist Explorations of Literary Space。Amherst。  new window
21.Taufer, Alison Dale(1988)。From Amazon Queen to Female Knight: The Development of the Woman Warrior in the Amadis Cycle。Los Angles:U of California P。  new window
 
 
 
 
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