印尼與馬來西亞爭奪沙巴外海的黎吉丹島(Pulau Ligitan)和錫巴淡島(Pulau Sipadan)主權的紛爭，使得雙方關係持續緊張達廿年之久。1996年10月7日，馬來西亞總理馬哈迪(Mahathir Mohamad)和當時的印尼總統蘇哈托同意將該紛爭訴諸國際法院，並於1997年5月31日簽署特別協議，商定交由國際法院解決兩島的主權紛爭問題，表明願意接受法庭的最後裁決，而國際法院根據《國際法院規約》第卅六條第一款受理本案。2002年6月3日至12日，國際法院進行關於案情實質的公開聽訊，並於同年12月17日作出判決。本文旨在針對印尼•馬來西亞的島嶼領有紛爭，探討兩國在國際法上的主張，並從國際法院的判決內容，分析領土紛爭中繼承、地圖與有效管理的效力。

There has been more than 20 years continuing tension arisen from the sovereign disputes between Indonesia and Malaysia over Pulau Ligitan and Pulau Sipadan which are offshore islands close to Sabah. On 7 Oct. in 1996, it was agreed by Mahathir Mohamad, Prime Minister of Malaysia, and Suharto, President of Indonesia at the time, to submit the dispute to the International Court of Justice by 31 May 1997 Special Agreement concluded between two States. In compliance with Article 36, paragraph 1 of the Statute of the International Court of Justice, the application was accepted by the Court and through thorough adjudication on the facts and applicable law, the judgment was decided on 17 Dec. in 2002. The article is aimed at discussing the claims and arguments made by both States from the perspective of international law and analyzing the legal effect of the succession, map and the effective administration generated from the sovereign dispute.