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題名：快樂的人越可能減肥嗎？--願意支付價值告訴你
書刊名：農業經濟叢刊
作者：吳珮瑛／汪傳貴／劉哲良
作者(外文)：Wu, Pei-ing／Wang, Chuan-quei／Liou, Je-liang
出版日期：2010
卷期：16:1
頁次：頁149-194
主題關鍵詞：三元常態分配；雙界二元條件評估法；支出差異；工具性褔祉；主觀福祉；Trivariate normal distribution；Double-bounded contingent valuation method；Expenditure difference；Tool of well-being；Subjective well-being
原始連結：連回原系統網址new window
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本文建構一個關於個人參與減肥療程的決策模型，以檢測快樂與減肥行為是否有正向關係，及不同快樂程度的人在減肥行為上之差異，進而估算具有不同快樂程度的人，針對不同減肥療程願意支付價值之差異，同時，亦估算願意支付價值在不同快樂程度間之變化。實證結果顯示，快樂程度越高的人，確實會有較高的可能認為其需要減肥、且有較高機率參與減肥療程，並願意付出較高的療程價值。而在僅靠吃藥及吃藥配合運動的兩種減肥療程上，「很快樂」的群組均比「很不快樂」的群組具有較高機率認為需要減肥且願意付出較高的療程價值。具體而言，亦即一旦進入減肥療程，不論運動配合吃藥或是僅吃藥的療程中，「很快樂」的群組分別比「很不快樂」的群組，每年每人分別願意多支付25,783及50,691元，而不論參與何種減肥療程，願意支付價值由「很不快樂」至「快樂」，基本上是隨著快樂程度增加而提升。然而，此一現象對於「很快樂」的群組則不適用，因為是一群樂天知命，已無所謂他人對自己外貌評價的人。
The purpose of this paper is to construct a model of decision making in which a positive relationship between characteristics of happiness and the weight loss treatment programs are examined and the impact of various degree of happiness on the weight loss is testified. It is then further to estimate and compute the differences between the willingness to pay (WTP) for weight loss treatment for persons with different degree of happiness. The results show that persons with happiness characters do have high tendency to lose weight and further have higher probability to join different weight loss treatment programs and their WTP values are more than those with unhappy character. More specifically, the group of persons with “very happy” character is willing to pay NT$ 25,783 more than the group with “very unhappy” character once they join the weight loss treatment program with medication along with exercise. Similarly, people with “very happy” character are willing to pay NT$ 50,691 more than the group of people with “very unhappy” characters once they join the weight loss treatment program with medication only. These results indicate that the WTP for weight loss increases as people become happier. However, this phenomenon does not apply to the group with character of “very happy” who are satisfied with what they look and what they are now.
期刊論文
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27.Meng, C. L. and P. Schmidt,(1985)。“On the Cost of Partial Observability in the Bivariate Probit Model,”。International Economic Review，26(1)，71-85。  new window
28.Narbo K. and L. Sjöström(2000)。“Willingness to Pay for Obesity Treatment,”。International Journal of Technology Assessment in Health Care，16(1)，50-59。  new window
29.Nelson, F. D.,(1984)。“Efficiency of the Two-step Estimation for Models with Endogenous Sample Selection,”。Journal of Econometrics，24(1-2)，181-196。  new window
30.Schroder, K. E. E.,(2010)。“Effects of Fruit Consumption on Body Mass Index and Weight Loss in a Sample of Overweight and Obese Dieters Enrolled in A Weight-loss Intervention Trial,”。Applied Nutritional Investigation，26(7-8)，727-734。  new window
31.Spivak, H., M. F. Hewitt, A. Onn, and E. E. Half,(2005)。“Weight Loss and Improvement of Obesity-related Illness in 500 U.S,”。The American Journal of Surgery，189(1)，27-32。  new window
32.Stutzer, A. and B. S. Frey,(2006)。“Does Marriage Make People Happy, or do Happy People Get Married?”。The Journal of Socio-Economics，35(2)，326-347。  new window
33.Wu, P.-I., S.-K. Wu, and S.-L. Yang,(2007)。“Duality of Utility and Expenditure and Their Empirical Implication,”。Empirical Economics Letters，6(6)，545-558。  new window
34.Blanchflower, D. G. and A. J. Oswald,(2008)。“Hypertension and Happiness across Nations, ”。Journal of Health Economics，27(2)，218-233。  new window
35.Cawley, J.,(2008)。“Contingent Va luation Analysis of Willingness to Pay to Reduce Childhood Obesity,”。Economics and Human Biology，6(2)，281-292。  new window
36.Couzin, J.,(2009)。“With Isolation Comes Ill Health,”。Science，323，456-457。  new window
37.Deldin, P. J. and I. P. Levin,(1986)。“The Effect of Mood Induction in a Risky Decision-making Task,”。Bulletin of the Psychonomic Society，24(1)，4-6。  new window
38.Fischer, J. A. V. and A. Sousa-Poza,(2009)。“Does Job Satisfaction Improve the Health of Workers? New Evidence Using Panel Data and Objective Measures of Health,”。Health Economics，18(1)，71-89。  new window
39.Ganzel, A. K.,(1999)。“Adolescent Decision Making: The Influence of Mood, Age, and Gender on the Consideration of Information,”。Journal of Adolescent Research，14(3)，289-318。  new window
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41.Hinks, T. and S. Davies,(2008)。“Life Satisfaction in Malawi and the Importance of Relative Consumption, Polygamy and Religion,”。Journal of International Development，20(7)，888- 904。  new window
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43.Huang, I. C.、Frangakis, C.、Wu, A. W.(2006)。The relationship of excess body weight and health-related quality of life: Evidence from a population study in Taiwan。International Journal of Obesity，30(8)，1250-1259。  new window
44.Huang, C. L. and Y. J. Goo,(2008)。“Are Happy Investors Likely to be Overconfident,”。Emerging Markets Finance & Trade，44(4)，33-39。  new window
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47.Jung, R. T.,(1997)。“Obesity as a Disease,”。British Medicine Bulletin，53(2)，307-321。  new window
48.Ladwig K. H. B. Marten-Mittag H. Löwel A. Döring and H. E. Wichmann(2006)。“Synergistic Effects of Depressed Mood and Obesity on Long-term Cardiovascular Risks in 1510 Obese Men and Women: Results from the Monica-Kora Augsburg Cohort Study 1984-1998,”。International Journal of Obesity，30(9)，1408-1414。  new window
49.Lee, L. F. and G. S. Maddala,(1985)。“The Common Structure of Tests for Selectivity of Bias, Serial Correlation, and Heteroscedasticity and Non-normality in the Tobit Model,”。International Economic Review，26(1)，1-20。  new window
50.Leidy, H. J. and E. M. Racki,(2010)。“The Addition of a Protein-rich Breakfast and Its Effects on Acute Appetite Control and Food Intake in ‘Breakfast-skipping’ Adolescents,”。International Journal of Obesity，34，1125-1133。  new window
51.Huang, I. C.、C. Frangakis、A. W. Wu(2006)。The Relationship of Excess Body Weight and Health-related Quality of Life: Evidence from a Population Study in Taiwan。International Journal of obesity，30(8)，1250-1259。  new window
52.Graham, C.(2008)。Happiness and Health: Lessons-And Questions-For Public Policy。Health Economics，27(1)，72-87。  new window
53.Hinks, T.、S. Davies(2008)。Life Satisfaction in Malawi and the Importance of Relative Consumption, Polygamy and Religion。Journal of International Development，20(7)，888-904。  new window
54.Horm, J.、K. Anderson(1993)。Who in America is Trying to Lose Weight。Annals of Internal Medicine，119(2)，672-676。  new window
55.Leidy, H. J.、E. M. Racki(2010)。The Addition of a Protein-rich Breakfast and Its Effects on Acute Appetite Control and Food Intake in ‘Breakfast-skipping’ Adolescents。International Journal of Obesity，34，1125-1133。  new window
56.Blanchflower, D. G.、Oswald, A. J.(2008)。Hypertension and Happiness across Nations。Journal of Health Economics，27(2)，218-233。  new window
57.Cawley, J.(2008)。Contingent Valuation Analysis of Willingness to Pay to Reduce Childhood Obesity。Economics and Human Biology，6(2)，281-292。  new window
58.Couzin, J.(2009)。With Isolation Comes Ill Health。Science，323，456-457。  new window
59.Deldin, P. J.、I. P. Levin(1986)。The Effect of Mood Induction in a Risky Decision-making Task。Bulletin of the Psychonomic Society，24(1)，4-6。  new window
60.Eulália, D. M.(2001)。A1ternative Approaches to Obtain Optima1 Bid Values in Contingent Valuation Studies and to Model Protest Zeros: Estimating the Determinants of Individuals’ Willingness to Pay for Home Care Services in Day Case Surgery。Health Economics，10(2)，101-118。  new window
61.Fischer, J. A. V.、Sousa-Poza, A.(2009)。Does Job Satisfaction Improve the Health of Workers? New Evidence Using Panel Data and Objective Measures of Health。Health Economics，18(1)，71-89。  new window
62.Huang, C. L.、Y. J. Goo(2008)。Are Happy Investors Likely to be Overconfident。Emerging Markets Finance & Trade，44(4)，33-39。  new window
63.Ganzel, A. K.(1999)。Adolescent Decision Making: The Influence of Mood, Age, and Gender on the Consideration of Information。Journal of Adolescent Research，14(3)，289-318。  new window
64.Jorgensen, B. S.、G. J. Syme、B. J. Bishop、B. E. Nancarrow(1999)。Protest Responses in Contingent Valuation。Environmental and Resource Economics，14(1)，131-150。  new window
65.Wu, P.-I.、S.-K. Wu、S.-L. Yang(2007)。Duality of Utility and Expenditure and Their Empirical Implication。Empirical Economics Letters，6(6)，545-558。  new window
66.Jepson, C.、L. G. Kessler, B. Portnoy、T. Gibbs(1991)。Black-white Differences in Cancer Prevention Knowledge and Behavior。American Journal of Public Health，81(41)，501-504。  new window
67.Jung, R. T.(1997)。Obesity as a Disease。British Medicine Bulletin，53(2)，307-321。  new window
68.Ladwig, K. H.、B. Marten-Mittag、H. Löwel、A. Döring、H. E. Wichmann(2006)。Synergistic Effects of Depressed Mood and Obesity on Long-term Cardiovascular Risks in 1510 Obese Men and Women: Results from the Monica-Kora Augsburg Cohort Study 1984-1998。International Journal of Obesity，30(9)，1408-1414。  new window
69.Lee, L. F.、G. S. Maddala(1985)。The Common Structure of Tests for Selectivity of Bias, Serial Correlation, and Heteroscedasticity and Non-normality in the Tobit Model。International Economic Review，26(1)，1-20。  new window
70.Levy, A. S.、A. W. Heaton(1993)。Weight Control Practices of U.S. Adults Trying to Lose Weight。Annals of Internal Medicine，119(7)，661-666。  new window
71.Meng, C. L.、P. Schmidt(1985)。On the Cost of Partial Observability in the Bivariate Probit Model。International Economic Review，26(1)，71-85。  new window
72.Narbo, K.、L. Sjöström(2000)。Willingness to Pay for Obesity Treatment。International Journal of Technology Assessment in Health Care，16(1)，50-59。  new window
73.Nelson, F. D.(1984)。Efficiency of the Two-step Estimation for Models with Endogenous Sample Selection。Journal of Econometrics，24(1/2)，181-196。  new window
74.Schroder, K. E. E.(2010)。Effects of Fruit Consumption on Body Mass Index and Weight Loss in a Sample of Overweight and Obese Dieters Enrolled in A Weight-loss Intervention Trial。Applied Nutritional Investigation，26(7/8)，727-734。  new window
75.Spivak, H.、M. F. Hewitt、A. Onn、E. E. Half(2005)。Weight Loss and Improvement of Obesity-related Illness in 500 U.S。The America Journal of Surgery，189(1)，27-32。  new window
76.Stutzer, A.、B. S. Frey(2006)。Does Marriage Make People Happy, or do Happy People Get Married?。The Journal of Socio-Economics，35(2)，326-347。  new window
研究報告
1.潘文涵(2002)。心臟血管疾病之社區追蹤整合研究--致病機轉、社會因素、統計模型、及經濟效益評估。  延伸查詢new window
學位論文
1.王國恩(2003)。減重決策與其經濟效益之研究(碩士論文)。國立臺灣大學。  延伸查詢new window
圖書
1.Layard, R.、陳佳伶(2006)。“Happiness.”。台北：經濟新潮社。  延伸查詢new window
2.Avner, O.,(2006)。Obesity, Unhappiness, and the Challenge of Affluence: Theory and Evidence。Oxford：Oxford University Press。  new window
3.Bowden, R. J. and D. A. Turkington,(1984)。Instrumental Variables。Cambridge, England：Cambridege University Press。  new window
4.Maddala, G. S.(1983)。Limited-dependent and Qualitative Variables in Econometics。Cambridge University Press。  new window
其他
1.潘文涵(2002)。「心臟血管疾病之社區追蹤整合研究--致病機轉、社會因素、統計模型及經濟效益評估」。  延伸查詢new window
2.Schweitzer, A.(n. d)。Happiness Quotes, Albert Schweitzer，http://www.wisdomquotes.com/cat_happiness.htm1。  new window
圖書論文
1.Isen, A. M.(1993)。Positive Affect and Decision Making。Handbook of Emotions。New York：Guilford Press。  new window
 
 
 
 
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