鐵路改建工程有減少公害、改善交通、消除事故、空出土地提供公共空間規劃等效益，因此全國有14個計畫正積極推展中。改建工程之費用高、工期久、路線長、項目龐雜， 故風險極高，其中以緊鄰鐵路沿線施工、侵入電氣化區間造成觸電或火車碰撞之風險最高，針對此項目，本文應用風險辨識、分析、評估、改善、回饋等五項風險管理模式找出其中不可接受風險項目，再應用本質較安全設計策略予以改善成可接受風險。 前述管理模式中，本文以FMEA (Failure Modes and Effects Analysis)結合創新之橫式因果分析法 (Cause-Consequence Analysis) 找出風險要項，對風險要項以創意方法結合本質較安全設計策略先提出監測儀器方案使風險大幅降低，再提出鋼構覆蓋或改變操作程序兩個改善方案，讓管理者可依成本、時程考量來選擇適用方案改善剩餘風險，最後使平均風險值降低為原來的 20 至 56 分之1。本研究方法具有層階分明、因果明確、量化精準、改良有法、選案公正、功效宏大等六項優勢，值得推廣並應用於類似工程上。

Abstract Railway reconstruction can reduce pollution, improve traffic condition, and eliminate accidents. When the railway becomes underground, the vacant land can also provide public space for commercial development or other applications. Therefore, in Taiwan 14 railway reconstruction projects have been undertaken. A railway reconstruction project usually takes a long time to complete and during this period, many activities of high risk may be performed in the vicinity of the reconstruction site. In particular, the invasion of a foreign object into the electrification area may cause train collision which can become a high risk to the project. In general, the appropriate applications of inherent safer-design strategy and risk management techniques such as risk identification, analysis, evaluation, improvement, and feedback can lower the risk level for the site. In this paper, a method for controlling the risk level of a railway reconstruction site is proposed. The Failure Modes and Effects Analysis (FMEA) and Cause-Consequence Analysis (CCA) are used to identify the potential risks. Some creative methods based on an inherent safer-design strategy are used to establish a monitoring program to reduce the risk level. Several examples are given to demonstrate the applications of the proposed method. It has been shown that the use of the proposed method can achieve the risk level 20 to 56 times lower than the original one.