In order to accurately and promptly collect and submit specimens, reduce the number of returned specimens, and avoid the waste of medical resources and delay of medical treatment, we used an “Abnormal Specimens Entry Sheet” as a tool to calculate the number of abnormal specimens from January 2006 to December 2006. A total of 380 abnormal specimen cases were identified during that period. The number abnormal specimens per month ranged from 27 to 35 cases. According to the 80/20 rule of Plato, the most common abnormalities were insufficient specimens, unlabelled specimens, container error, unsigned specimens, missing specimens, incorrect match between a specimen and a test, and missing or incorrect forms being used. Using the ISO quality control technique, a standard operation procedure was developed. A submission-for-inspection flowchart guidelines were developed. We advocated and provided training programs. After the improvement measure, continuous monitoring from July 2007 to December 2007 showed that the number of the abnormal specimens was less than 5 per month with 1 exception of 6 cases in August 2007. The projects reached the goal of reducing the number of abnormal specimens.