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題名:健力專項動作、體型特徵與訓練的生理影響
書刊名:大專體育
作者:劉宗翰梁玉秋江政凌吳龍山
作者(外文):Liu, Tsung-hanLiang, Yu-chiuChiang, Cheng-lingWu, Long-shan
出版日期:2011
卷期:115
頁次:頁26-32
主題關鍵詞:舉重肌力身體組成努責現象氧化壓力Weight liftingStrengthBody compositionValsalva maneuverOxidative stress
原始連結:連回原系統網址new window
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  • 被引用次數被引用次數:期刊(2) 博士論文(0) 專書(0) 專書論文(0)
  • 排除自我引用排除自我引用:2
  • 共同引用共同引用:0
  • 點閱點閱:56
健力運動(powerlifting)技術影響低於舉重,更能代表最大肌力,又稱「超級舉重」。包含蹲舉、臥舉及硬舉三項動作,蹲舉(squat)採寬距、綁腿可增進表現,膝、髖伸肌及足背屈肌需較強肌力,臥舉(bench press)採寬握、弓背可縮短試舉距離,臥舉衣(bench shirt)可增進表現,硬舉(deadlift)包含窄距及寬距硬舉,寬距站姿可縮短試舉距離,節省膝、臀、腰費力。健力選手為骨架較寬之中坯體形,不同體重、性別之選手身體比例相似,優秀者下肢較短。出力閉氣有利表現,但易發生努責現象(Valsalva maneuver)及腦部血流銳減,可能導致心臟病及中風,頂尖選手生理適應力較佳,而長期訓練可能導致肌肉、氧化傷害,降低關節活動度與運動表現,需研發個人裝備與技術,並探討營養補充品對肌力、心血管健康與抗氧化能力的影響。
Skill requisition of powerlifting is less than weightlifting. Powerlifting needs more maximum strength, and is well known as "super weightlifting." Powerlifting including squats, bench presses and deadlifts. Squatting with greater stance commonly enhances the performance via the elasticity of knee wraps, while the knee extensor, hip extensor and dorsal flexor require more forces. Gripping widely and back hyperextensions can shorten the lifting distance during bench pressing. The powerlifters dressed bench shirts can improve loading capacity and possibly decrease the forces acting on shoulders. Deadlifts included narrow stance deadlifts and Sumo deadlifts. Sumo deadlifts have a less vertical bar distance and efficiently save the forces of knee, hip and low back muscles. Powerlifters are highly mesomorphic with larger girths and bony breadths. There are similar proportions of segment lengths and bone breadths between different body weights and/or genders. Stronger lifters have significantly shorter lower-limb than weaker lifters. Fat-free mass, fascicle length of muscle fibers, and bone mineral density of lumbar spine play important roles in performance. Closing glottis during weight lifting is beneficial for performance and consequently accompanies Valsalva maneuver and cerebral flow decline, which may induce the risks of heart disease and stroke. The adaptations of the cardiovascular and cerebrovascular system occur in elite powerlifters. Long-term and intensive strength training can contribute to performance decrements attributed to muscle damage and decreasing range of motion. Overtraining may also induce oxidative injury via increasing oxidative stress and decreasing antioxidant capacity in power athletes. Further researches are warranted on individual equipments and techniques and the effect of supplementation on performance and health in powerlifters.
期刊論文
1.Escamilla, R. F.、Fleisig, G. S.、Lowry, T. M.、Barrentine, S. W.、Andrews, J. R.(2001)。A three-dimensional biomechanical analysis of the squat during varying stance widths。Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise,33(6),984-998。  new window
2.劉宗翰、張振崗(2008)。支鏈胺基酸對運動誘發之中樞疲勞與蛋白質代謝之影響。大專體育,98,147-152。new window  延伸查詢new window
3.劉宗翰、張振崗(2008)。補充精胺酸對運動表現之影響。大專體育,96,152-159。new window  延伸查詢new window
4.Baum, K.、Rüther, T.、Essfeld, D.(2003)。Reduction of blood pressure response during strength training through intermittent muscle relaxations。International Journal of Sports Medicine,24(6),441-445。  new window
5.Escamilla, R. F.、Lowry, T. M.、Osbahr, D. C.、Speer, K. P.(2001)。Biomechanical analysis of the deadlift during the 1999 Special Olympics World Games。Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise,33(8),1345-1353。  new window
6.Escamilla, R. F.、Francisco, A. C.、Fleisig, G. S.、Barrentine, S. W.、Welch, C. M.、Kayes, A. V.、Andrews, J. R.(2000)。A three-dimensional biomechanical analysis of sumo and conventional style deadlifts。Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise,32(7),1265-1275。  new window
7.Hales, M. E.、Johnson, B. F.、Johnson, J. T.(2009)。Kinematic analysis of the powerlifting style squat and the conventional deadlift during competition: Is there a cross-over effect between lifts?。Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research,23(9),2574-2580。  new window
8.Keogh, J. W.、Hume, P. A.、Pearson, S. N.、Mellow, P.(2007)。Anthropometric dimensions of male powerlifters of varying body mass。Journal of Sports Sciences,26(12),1365-1376。  new window
9.Keogh, J. W.、Hume, P. A.、Pearson, S. N.、Mellow, P. J.(2009)。Can absolute and proportional anthropometric characteristics distinguish stronger and weaker powerlifters。Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research,23(8),2256-2265。  new window
10.Bloomer, R. J.、Smith, W. A.、Fisher-Wellman, K. H.(2010)。Oxidative stress in response to forearm ischemia-reperfusion with and without carnitine administration。International Journal for Vitamin and Nutrition Research,80(1),12-23。  new window
11.Cholewicki, J.、Mcgill, S. M.、Norman, R. W.(1991)。Lumbar spine loads during the lifting of extremely heavy weights。Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise,23(10),1179-1186。  new window
12.Dickerman, R. D.、McConathy, W. J.、Smith, G. H.、East, J. W.、Rudder, L.(2000)。Middle cerebral artery blood flow velocity in elite power athletes during maximal weight-lifting。Neurological Research,22(4),337-340。  new window
13.Brechue, W. F.、Abe, T.(2002)。The role of FFM accumulation and skeletal muscle architecture in powerlifting performance。European Journal of Applied Physiology,86(4),327-336。  new window
14.Keogh, J. W.、Hume, P. A.、Pearson, S. N.、Mellow, P.(2008)。To what extent does sexual dimorphism exist in competitive powerlifters?。Journal of Sports Sciences,26(5),531-541。  new window
15.Vanderburgh, P. M.、Dooman, C.(2000)。Considering body mass differences, who are the world’s strongest women?。Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise,32(1),197-201。  new window
16.Miletello, W. M.、Beam, J. R.、Cooper, Z. C.(2009)。A biomechanical analysis of the squat between competitive collegiate, competitive high school, and novice powerlifters。Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research,23(5),1611-1617。  new window
17.Narloch, J. A.、Brandstater, M. E.(1995)。Influence of breathing technique on arterial blood pressure during heavy weight lifting。Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation,76(5),457-462。  new window
18.Pierson, J. C.、Suh, P. S.(2002)。Powerlifter’s purpura: A valsalva-associated phenomenon。Cutis,70(2),93-94。  new window
19.Sale, D. G.、Moroz, D. E.、McKelvie, R. S.、MacDougall, J. D.、McCartney, N.(1993)。Comparison of blood pressure response to isokinetic and weight-lifting exercise。European Journal of Applied Physiology,67(2),115-120。  new window
20.Silver, T.、Fortenbaugh, D.、Williams, R.(2009)。Effects of the bench shirt on sagittal bar path。Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research,23(4),1125-1128。  new window
21.Tsuzuku, S.、Ikegami, Y.、Yabe, K.(1998)。Effects of high-intensity resistance training on bone mineral density in young male powerlifters。Calcified Tissue International,63(4),283-286。  new window
22.Margonis, K.、Fatouros, I. G.、Jamurtas, A. Z.、Nikolaidis, M. G.、Douroudos, I.、Chatzinikolaou, A.(2007)。Oxidative stress biomarkers responses to physical overtraining: Implications for diagnosis。Free Radical Biology & Medicine,43(6),901-910。  new window
其他
1.International Powerlifting Federation(2009)。Technical rules book,http://www.powerlifting-ipf.com/fileadmin/data/Technical_Rules/IPF_rulebook_05_2009.pdf, 20100817。  new window
 
 
 
 
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