氣候變化綱要公約2009年第15次締約國大會所發表的「哥本哈根協議」，因締約國無法達成共識而未獲締約國大會通過。但在僅有12段內容之「哥本哈根協議」中，即有高達7段提及財務資源的重要性。 而於2010年11月結束之第16次締約國大會所通過之「坎昆協定」，則係由締約國大會所正式通過之大會決議，該協定亦針對公約之財務機制訂定相當具體且重要之規範，其中包括「綠色氣候基金」（Green Climate Fund）之設置，此亦顯示財務機制於氣候變遷之減緩與調適措施的設計以及執行上的重要性。 在氣候變遷財務機制設計中，透過民主程序確保公正與衡平的資源取得與分配至關重要，治理架構之設計將影響各種類型之財務機制是否得以有效達成協助開發中國家執行氣候變遷之減緩與調適措施。 以國際貨幣基金會（International Monetary Fund，以下簡稱IMF）與世界銀行為首之國際發展援助財務機制，自1947年成立以來已運作超過五十年。IMF之治理機制多年來遭受各界的批評，IMF面對各界要求改革的呼籲，終於在2008年開始進行一連串的治理改革方案，以期增加組織正當性與有效性。IMF之治理改革經驗是否為氣候變遷財務機制的治理架構設計帶來一些啟示？此為本文主要之研究議題。

ABSTRACT The “Copenhagen Accord” issued after the 15th Conference of the Parties (COP 15) to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC), while not unanimously adopted, was nevertheless an important decision relating to further development of the climate change regime. In this twelve-paragraph document, there are seven paragraphs that touch upon issues relating to financial resources and financial mechanisms. Furthermore, COP 16 to the UNFCCC adopted the Cancun Agreements, which also lay down various significant provisions for financial mechanisms, including the newly created Green Climate Fund. This illustrates the importance of financial mechanisms in the adoption and implementation of policies related to climate change mitigation and adaptation. The design and effectiveness of such financial mechanisms—especially the role governance structure plays in ensuring the democratic outcome of producing fair and equitable resources generation and allocation processes—will determine whether any financial mechanism can achieve its goal of assisting developing countries to implement climate change mitigation and adaptation policies. International financial mechanisms for development assistance have been inoperation since the establishment of the Bretton Woods institutions, that is, the International Monetary Fund (IMF) and the World Bank Group in 1947. Five decades of intense scrutiny directed at the governance structure of the IMF finally resulted in a series of governance reforms in starting in 2008. Could the IMF’s experience with these reforms offer valuable input regarding the design of the governance structure of existing or new financial mechanisms for climate change mitigation and adaptation? This will be the main research question this article seeks to answer.