本研究藉由調查《說文解字注》，以了解東漢時期色彩表達文字的發展狀態，並探究當時之染色材料和色彩文字間的關聯，以建構中國傳統色彩觀的基礎資料。研究結果得知全書收錄 232個和色彩相關的字，又以糸部、黑部以及馬部的字數較多；但糸部中，許慎所收錄的字可能遺漏了緋、緅、緗等表達色彩的字。若以詮釋文字作為分類依據， 232個和色彩相關的字可分為 4類：直接表達色彩的漢字、染材染織相關的漢字、多彩色的漢字以及形容特定物色彩的漢字，字數分別為 80、39、12、101個字。另一方面，許慎多採三至五字所構成的字組來解釋字義，借用多種為人熟知的對象來描述色彩，並運用形容詞使色相的描述更明確。關於段玉裁的注解，發現其引用晉代徐廣的錯誤注解，將紅花誤以為是茜草。並藉由段玉裁的注解，發現在先秦兩漢文獻中，幽、陰、竀和奭等字已具有表達色彩的涵義，許慎卻未加入詮釋文中；基於此，比較斷代之字書和經典文獻中表達色彩文字的狀態，也將成為未來的課題。

A survey has been conducted in Shuo Wen Jie Zi in this research to understand the development status of Chinese color words, and to investigate the relation between the materials of dyeing and Chinese color words, and establish the foundation of Chinese traditional color in Eastern Han Dynasty. It has been realized from the research results that 232 Chinese characters relevant to color expressions were collected in that book among which “糸 (thread)”, “黑 (black)” and “馬 (horse)” Chinese character’s radicals constitute the biggest ratio. Among “糸(thread)” Chinese character’s radical, the Chinese characters collected by Xu, Shen (in Eastern Han Dynasty) might neglect such Chinese color words as “緋 (fei)”, “緅 (zou)”, “緗 (xiang)”. In case of classified by interpreting Chinese characters, 232 Chinese characters relevant to color expression can be categorized into 4 types: Chinese characters directly expressing colors, dye materials and dye-fabrics, expression of multiple colors, and describing colors of specific object. The amounts of those 4 types are 80, 39, 12 and 101 respectively. In addition, Xu, Shen mostly used character-groups composed of 3 to 5 characters to interpret, many objects familiar to most people to describe colors, and adjectives to describe colors more precisely. It has been found that Xu, Guang’s incorrect interpretations were cited in Duan, Yu-Cai’s interpretations in which safflower were mistaken as madder. Meanwhile, it also has been discovered from Tuan, Yu-Tsai’s interpretation that such Chinese characters “幽 (you)”, “陰 (yin)”, “竀 (cheng)” and “奭 (shi)” have owned implications of color expression in reference documents of Chin and Western and Eastern Han dynasties, but Xu, Shen have not added them in the interpretation. Subsequently, comparisons on status of Chinese color words in dictionaries and in some division of dynasties shall deserve more research.