作為20 世紀年鑑學派（The Annales School）的史學大師，Marc Bloch以軍官身分實際親歷了兩次世界大戰，對於法國在這20 多年中的盛衰興亡有著深刻而真實的感受。本文試圖以渠之著作《奇怪的戰敗（L'Etrange defaite）》一書為核心，與其他關於二戰時期討論法國戰敗的著作相互印證，一方面可以更清楚理解何以法國在1940 年會快速地走向敗亡，二方面也可體會這位大史學家在國家破敗的慘劇中如何反省這一段讓法國人痛苦不堪的歷史，以及渠對於未來國家復興的展望。

As a master of the Annales School, Marc Bloch, a military officer, who experienced the World War I & II had deep and true feeling about the rise and fall of France from World War I & II. In this research, I focused on L'Etrange defaite and compared with other researches of France defeat in 1940. According to these researches, this article provided a historical vision about that why France defeated rapidly and how Marc Bloch introspected France history in the terrible disaster, and prospected his motherland rebuild and return to prosperity in the future.