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引文資料
題名:
有勇有謀的運動專家:專門知識影響運動表現
書刊名:
中華體育季刊
作者:
黃佩琳
/
陳帝佑
/
陳重佑
作者(外文):
Huang, Pei-lin
/
Chen, Ti-yu
/
Chen, Chung-yu
出版日期:
2012
卷期:
26:2=101
頁次:
頁207-214
主題關鍵詞:
優秀運動員
;
戰術
;
知識結構
;
決策
;
Elite athlete
;
Tactic
;
Knowledge structure
;
Decision making
原始連結:
連回原系統網址
相關次數:
被引用次數:期刊(
2
) 博士論文(0) 專書(0) 專書論文(0)
排除自我引用:
2
共同引用:0
點閱:22
運動競賽過程必定包含戰術運用,才能克敵制勝,因此,如何選擇戰術將涉及一連串的認知過程,當個體的知識庫中存有豐富的專門知識,將可提升認知決策過程的速度與準確性,也較能夠解決比賽情境問題,因而有優異的運動表現。在運動情境中,運動員的知識與技能是運動表現優劣的關鍵,亦即反應選擇與反應執行兩者影響運動表現成績,故形成專家與新手可能是因為知識結構與技能的差異。本文探討運動員的行為表現與知識結構,而過去動作行為研究利用觀察工具與訪談方式深入解析運動員之運動表現,以了解專家與新手的差異,這些動作行為研究指出專家有較好的運動表現,以及複雜的知識結構,使專家能夠在極短時間內做出適當的戰術決策。
以文找文
The tactics are always used within game play in order to defend the competitor and to gain the victory. However, it is a serial process of cognitions to take a decision in which tactic to achieve. An athlete of broad expertise in knowledge base enables to make cognitive decisions rapidly and accurately and to solve problems of competitive conditions easily to be an expert skill performer. Because response selections and response executions influence the outcome of sport competition, the athlete's knowledge and skill are the crux of peak performance. The difference between expert and nonexpert is the motor skill and the knowledge structure characteristics. This study reviews previous investigations of behavior performance and knowledge structure for athlete that were analyzed in the methods of observational instrument and/or interview to compare the differences between expert and novice. These literatures showed that the experts' well skill performance with knowledge structure complexly benefit they enable to make decisions for the optimal tactics and strategy immediately.
以文找文
期刊論文
1.
Anderson, J. R.(1982)。Acquisition of cognitive skill。Psychological Review,89(4),369-406。
2.
Allard, F.、Burnett, N.(1985)。Skill in sport。Canadian Journal of Psychology,39,294-312。
3.
Ericsson, K. A.、Charness, N.(1994)。Expert performance: Its structure and acquisition。American Psychologist,49(8),725-747。
4.
Abernethy, B.(1988)。The effects of age and expertise upon perceptual skill development in a racquet sport。Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport,59(3),210-221。
5.
McPherson, S. L.、Thomas, J. R.(1989)。Relation of knowledge and performance in boys' tennis: Age and expertise。Journal of Experimental Child Psychology,48(2),190-211。
6.
French, K. E.、Thomas, J. R.(1987)。The relation of knowledge development to children's basketball performance。Journal of Sport Psychology,9,15-32。
7.
Chi, Michelene T. H.(1997)。Quantifying qualitative analyses of verbal data: A practical guide。The Journal of the Learning Sciences,6(3),271-315。
8.
Chase, William G.、Simon, Herbert A.(1973)。Perception in chess。Cognitive Psychology,4(1),55-81。
9.
Abernethy, B.、Burgess-Limerick, R.、Parks, S.(1994)。Contrasting approaches to the study of motor expertise。Quest,46,186-198。
10.
McPherson, S. L.(1999)。Exper-novice differences in performance skills and problem representations of youth and adults during tennis competition。Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport,70,233-251。
11.
McPherson, Sue L.(2000)。Expert-novice differences in planning strategies during collegiate singles tennis competition。Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology,22(1),39-62。
12.
Nevett, M. E.、French, K. E.(1997)。The development of sport-specific planning, rehearsal, and updating of plans during defensive youth baseball game performance。Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport,68,203-214。
13.
French, K. E.、Spurgeon, J. H.、Nevett, M. E.(1995)。Expert-novice differences in cognitive and skill execution components of youth baseball performance。Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport Psychology,66,194-201。
14.
Leavitt, J.(1979)。Cognitive demands of skating and stickhandling in ice hockey。Canadian Journal of Applied Sport Science,4,46-55。
15.
del Villar, F.、González, L. G.、Iglesias, D.、Moreno., M. P.、Cervelló, E. M.(2007)。Expert-novice differences in cognitive and execution skills during tennis competition。Perceptual & Motor Skills,104,355-365。
16.
French, K. E.、Nevett, M. E.、Spurgeon, J. H.、Graham, K. G.、Rink, J. E.、McPherson, S. L.(1996)。Knowledge representation and problem solution in expert and novice youth baseball players。Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport,67,386-395。
17.
McPherson, S. L.(1994)。The development of sport expertise。Mapping the tactical domain,46(2),223-240。
18.
Nielsen, T. M.、McPherson, S. L.(2001)。Response selection and execution skills of professionals and novices during singles tennis competition。Perceptual and Motor Skills,93,541-555。
19.
Thomas, J. R.、French, K. E.、Humphries, C. A.(1986)。Knowledge development and sport skill performance: Directions for motor behavior research。Journal of Sport Psychology,8,259-272。
圖書
1.
Newell, Allen、Simon, Herbert Alexander(1972)。Human Problem Solving。Prentice-Hall, Inc.。
2.
Fitts, Paul M.、Posner, Michael I.(1967)。Human performance。Brooks/Cole Publishing Company。
3.
Ericsson, K. Anders、Simon, Herbert Alexander(1993)。Protocol Analysis: Verbal Reports as Data。MIT Press。
4.
鄭麗玉(1995)。認知心理學:理論與應用。臺北市:五南圖書。
延伸查詢
5.
陳烜之(2007)。緒論。認知心理學。臺北市。
延伸查詢
6.
French, K. E.、McPherson, S. L.(2004)。Development of expertise in sport。Developmental sport and exercise psychology: A lifespan perspective。Morgantown, WV。
7.
Chi, M. T. H.(1978)。Knowledge structures and memory development。Children's thinking: What develops?。Hillsdale, NJ。
8.
Chi, M. T. H.(1981)。Knowledge development and memory performance。Intelligence and learning。New York。
9.
Thomas, J. R.、French, K. E.、Thomas, K. T.、Gallagher, J. D.(1988)。Children's knowledge development and sport performance。Children in sport。Champaign, IL。
圖書論文
1.
Williams, J. M.、Krane, V.(1998)。Psychological characteristics of peak performance。Applied sport psychology: Personal growth to peak performance。Palo Alto, CA。
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