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題名:論嬌蕉包轉印愛馬仕柏金包外觀之著作權侵權爭議及仿作之合理使用抗辯
書刊名:科技法律評析
作者:張瑞星 引用關係
作者(外文):Chang, Ruey-hsing
出版日期:2012
卷期:5
頁次:頁93-132
主題關鍵詞:嬌蕉包愛馬仕柏金包應用美術著作實用性原則立體平面轉換仿作合理使用轉化利用測試Banane TaipeiHermes BirkinApplied art worksUtilitarian doctrine3D-2D conversion of artParodyFair useTransformative use test
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嬌蕉包將國際知名精品愛馬仕柏金包以攝影後的的圖樣拓印到帆布袋上於市場上販賣圖利,這樣的利用方式,是否侵害愛馬仕柏金包的著作權?首先應自柏金包是否為受著作權法保護之「著作」著手,只有柏金包的外觀設計為著作,才有被侵權的可能。而所謂「侵權」,究竟將圖樣拓印在帆布包的利用行為是重製、改作或是實施,是主張著作權侵權必須主張的第二個爭點。而此利用行為應只是一件搭便車的抄襲模仿作品或是極具創意的合理使用仿作(parody)作品,乃本文另一討論之核心所在。 本文除了首先將糾紛之爭議提點外,就著作權侵權與否之爭議部分,認為愛馬仕柏金包之外觀屬於應用美術著作,在「分離測試原則」之「概念上可分」各說主張之下,柏金包應屬於著作;而轉印圖樣的行為,本文亦認為其屬於將平面圖形於立體上重現平面的利用型態,故為侵犯著作權之重製;嬌蕉包欲主張合理使用抗辯,應先判定嬌蕉包對於著作的利用方式是否屬於仿作,仿作的判斷在我國並無先例可循,因此本文自美國法院之判決所建立之轉化利用測試標準出發,逐項檢驗著作權合理使用的四大要素,以判別嬌蕉包上所貼附之柏金包圖案是否為一合理使用。 綜合言之,本文認為嬌蕉包在著作權爭議上,因具有構成仿作之特性,不僅在對比之下產生批判性、新的意義及新的目的,不至於產生市場替代效果,因此建議其利用應有合理使用之空間為宜。
The well-known French luxury goods brand “Hermes” recently filed a lawsuit against a Taiwanese handbag company, Banana International, for infringing its trademark and copyright. This article only focuses on its copyright issues. Since Taiwanese Banana International imprinted photographs of what appears to be a genuine Hermes Birkin bag to its canvas tote bag, Hermes argues that Banana International’s canvas bag is simply riding on the reputation and recognition of Hermes Birkin bag. However, according to some U.S. court opinions, it is possible that Banana’s bag could constitute a creative fair use parody. This article first analyzes the theories of conceptual separability and confirms that the design of Birkin Handbag is a work protected by copyright law. Secondly, this article argues that imprinting photographs of Birkin bag onto a canvas tote bag constitutes copyright reproduction. For fair use defense, this article asserts that even though there has been no precedent dealing with copyright parody issue in Taiwan, the “transformative use test” presented by the U.S. Supreme Court is entitled to set a standard for deciding whether Banana International’s canvas bag is a parody and whether it is a copyright fair use. This article finally argues that Banana’s bag can pass the test of copyright parody. Consumers are able to sense the criticism, new meanings and new purposes generated from the Banana’s bags by comparing with Hermes bag. Moreover, the sale of Banana bags will not supersede the market of Birkin bags. Therefore, this article concludes that Banana’s bags is a fair use of copyright law.
期刊論文
1.張瑞星(20090600)。從美國法院案例談著作權合理使用的轉化利用測試。科技法律評析,2,155-202。new window  延伸查詢new window
2.Gordon, Wendy J.(1982)。Fair Use as Market Failure: A Structural and Economic Analysis of the Betamax Case and its Predecessors。Columbia Law Review,82(8),1600-1657。  new window
3.Marques, Jeannine M.(2007)。Fair Use in the 21st Century: Bill Graham and Blanch v. Koons。Berkeley Technology Law Journal,22(1),331-354。  new window
4.Posner, Richard A.(1992)。When Is Parody Fair Use?。The Journal of Legal Studies,21(1),67-78。  new window
圖書
1.羅明通(2009)。著作權法論。三民書局。  延伸查詢new window
2.賴文智、王文君(2007)。校園著作權百寶箱--Q&A問答集。經濟部智慧財產局。  延伸查詢new window
3.Nimmer, Melville B.、Nimmer, David(1985)。Nimmer on Copyright。  new window
其他
1.李春棉(20110409)。嬌蕉包侵權?智慧局:柏金包在台未申請立體商標權,http://www.nownews.com/2011/04/09/11490-2703315.htm。  延伸查詢new window
2.張小虹(20110425)。台灣文化創意「出包」,http://udn.com/NEWS/OPINION/OPI4/6294349.shtml。  延伸查詢new window
3.章忠信(20040615)。戲謔仿作是合理使用,不因營利而侵害著作權,http://www.copyrightnote.org/ArticleContent.aspx?ID=2&aid=499。  延伸查詢new window
4.章忠信。有關皮包樣式是否有著作權的問題,http://www.copyrightnote.org/eclqna/clqna.php?op=showcontent&id=516。  延伸查詢new window
5.章忠信。嬌蕉包侵害著作權事件,http://www.copyrightnote.org/eclqna/clqna.php?op-showcontent&id=420。  延伸查詢new window
6.賴文智。機車包只要NT3000--談商品設計之智權保護,http://www.is-law.com/old/OurDocuments/TM0004LA.pdf。  延伸查詢new window
7.簡榮宗。嬌蕉包與柏金包,會不會讓你混淆?,http://www.lawtw.com/article.php?template=article_content&area=free_browse&parent_path=,15786,&job_id=171552&article_category_id=880&article_id=96549。  new window
8.(20111207)。愛馬仕控嬌蕉包侵權2負責人遭起訴,http://money.chinatimes.com/news/news-content.aspx?id=20111207002161&cid=1210。  延伸查詢new window
圖書論文
1.張懿云(1997)。詼諧諷剌性作品在著作權法上的問題。智慧財產權與國際私法:曾陳明汝教授六秩誕辰祝壽論文集。新學林出版社。  延伸查詢new window
2.林利芝(2011)。從KUSO創作探討戲謔仿作的合理使用爭議。著作權合理使用規範之現在與未來。臺北:元照。  延伸查詢new window
 
 
 
 
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