目標：本研究調查2012年台北市5歲以下兒童接種肺炎鏈球菌結合疫苗（PCV）情形及探討影響接種之因素。方法：以全國預防接種資訊管理資料庫系統（National Immunization Information System，NIIS）系統中台北市家中育有5歲以下兒童之家戶為母群，依台北市12個行政區採分層隨機抽樣，以各區家中育有5歲以下兒童之家戶數比例配置各分層樣本數，於2012年12月抽取樣本進行電話訪問調查。有效樣本707份，以卡方、點二系列相關及邏輯斯複迴歸分析兒童接種PCV之相關因素。結果：台北市家中5歲以下兒童已接種PCV者逾八成，以邏輯斯複迴歸分析顯示父親年齡、主要照顧者自覺對兒童感染肺炎鏈球菌之罹患性、自覺疫苗有效性等健康信念為影響疫苗接種之統計顯著因素。結論：為提升主要照顧者自覺兒童感染肺炎鏈球菌之罹患性及疫苗有效性等認知，建議衛生機關可於衛教宣導海報及單張，完整呈現疾病侵襲風險、疫苗成份及保護效果等資訊，供主要照顧者決策時參考。且建議未來可對台北市進行PCV疫苗接種率與群體免疫的效益研究。

Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the factors influencing the rate of Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine (PCV) vaccination of children under 5 years of age in Taipei City during 2012. Methods: Based on data from the National Immunization Information System (NIIS), we selected families with children under 5 years of age in Taipei City as the study population. We adopted the stratified random sampling method to sample 12 administrative districts in Taipei City and allocated samples proportionally according to the number of families in each district. In December 2012, a computer assisted telephone interview was conducted. We used chi-square tests, point-biserial correlations, and a multiple logistic regression model to analyze the 707 valid samples. Results: The PCV vaccination rate of children under 5 years of age in Taipei City exceeded 80%. After multiple logistic regression analysis, we found that the statistically significant factors influencing PCV vaccination were: father's age and primary caregiver's acknowledgement of health beliefs such as perceived susceptibility to invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) and PCV's effectiveness. Conclusions: In order to raise primary caregivers' acknowledgement of perceived susceptibility to IPD and the effectiveness of PCV, we suggest that the health authorities provide more comprehensive information for the public. Campaign materials might include educational posters and brochures in which the severity of IPD and the ingredients and protective effects of PCV shots are explained. We also suggest further research on vaccination and herd immunity based on the PCV vaccination rate in Taipei city.