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題名:Alternative Heroism for the Postmodern Age : J. K. Rowling's Harry Potter Series
書刊名:文山評論:文學與文化
作者:李怡瑩
作者(外文):Lee, Laurie Yi-yin
出版日期:2013
卷期:7:1
頁次:頁65-92
主題關鍵詞:另類英雄主義後現代消費主義社會兒童文學Alternative heroismPostmodern ageConsumerist societyChildren's literature
原始連結:連回原系統網址new window
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對於 J.K.羅琳的哈利波特系列造就的讀者狂熱現象,多數學者已提出具體的負面批評。相對於這些負面批評,筆者意圖藉由文本分析,並強調此系列產出的年代脈絡,對此一狂熱現象做出另一種詮釋與解讀。筆者強調此系列能引起讀者共鳴之因或許是此系列能與當代社會,即後現代進入全球化的社會,形成回應、對話與反思的關係。筆者認為 J.K.羅琳打造的魔法世界非與當代社會截然不同的異次元世界,而是類似後現代社會中帶有後現代主義色彩的拼貼世界,將悠久傳統與科技創新並置,而主人翁哈利波特在其中的成長過程,則暗示讀者能與當代社會形成一種積極主動的關係。筆者強調此系列尤其著重探討至今仍為人著迷的英雄主義迷思。藉由呈現主人翁哈利如何在魔法世界成為另類英雄人物, J.K.羅琳不僅質疑傳統的英雄形塑過程,也批判大眾媒體如何營造英雄假象。J.K.羅琳強調主人翁哈利如何將自己與傳統英雄人物與媒體傳頌的英雄做區分,因而能在時代潮流中找到自主的聲音與自身的價值。因此,與其一昧的接受後現代社會各式的文化衝擊,讀者也能在其中找尋自己的主體性,成為另類英雄。
In this article, I argue that J.K. Rowling’s Harry Potterseries illustrates a positive way to embrace postmodern cultureand to reassess the past with a critical mind while nourishing theculture that we are creating here and now. Rowling’s portrait ofHarry as an alternative kind of hero parodies the masculine tradition of heroism. Simultaneously, Rowling warns the media,audience and readers against hailing and stereotyping Harry as a traditional hero. By modelling the villain Voldemort’s life on a heroic quest and emphasising the biographical similarities between him and Harry, Rowling allows her teenage protagonistHarry to choose a different path to heroism, i.e., not through violence, conquest or murder. Although he endorses the positive,lenient patriarchy represented by Dumbledore, Harry does notbecome his duplicate. In this way, Rowling advocates Harry’s distancing himself from the benevolent fatherly Dumbledore, asshe often shows to readers how Harry becomes a more competent individual when he cannot or does not receive Dumbledore’s help. Meanwhile, Rowling also shows to readersHarry’s suffering from the incongruity between his everyday experience of self and his publicised heroic image. By contrasting Harry with the true attention-seeker Lockhart, Rowling also highlights the substantiality of Harry’s heroism.The series thus urges its readers to see beyond the signs and commodities clustered in today’s life.
期刊論文
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2.Tucker, N.(1999)。The rise and rise of Harry Potter。Children’s Literature in Education,30(4),221-234。  new window
圖書
1.Anatol, Giselle Liza(2003)。Anatol, Introduction。Reading Harry Potter: Critical Essays。Westport:Greenwood。  new window
2.Anatol, Giselle(2003)。Reading Harry Potter: Critical Essays。Westport:Greenwood。  new window
3.Anatol, Giselle(2003)。The Fallen Empire: Exploring Ethnic Otherness in the World of Harry Potter。Reading Harry Potter: Critical Essays。Westport:Greenwood。  new window
4.Barfield, Steven(2005)。Of Young Magicians and Growing Up: J. K. Rowling, Her Critics and the 'Cultural Infantilism'Debate。Scholarly Studies in Harry Potter: Applying Academic Methods to a Popular Text。Lewiston:Edwin Mellen。  new window
5.Calvino, Italo、Creagh, Patrick(1996)。Six Memos of the Next Millennium: The Charles Eliot Norton Lectures 1985-1986。London:Vintage。  new window
6.Cockrell, Amanda(2004)。Harry Potter and the Secret Password: Finding Our Way in the Magic Genre。The Ivory Tower and Harry Potter: Perspectives on a Literary Phenomenon。Columbia:U of Missouri P。  new window
7.Cronk, Nicholas(1999)。Aristotle, Horace and Longinus: The Conception of Reader Response。The Renaissance Vol. 3 of The Cambridge History of Literary Criticism。Cambridge:Cambridge UP。  new window
8.De Rosa, Deborah(2003)。Wizardly Challenges to and Affirmations of the Initiation Paradigm in Harry Potter。Harry Potter's World: Multidisciplinary Critical Perspectives。New York:Routledge Falmer。  new window
9.Falconer, Rachel(2009)。The Crossover Novel: Contemporary Children's Fiction and Its Adult Readership。New York:Routledge。  new window
10.Greene, Thomas(1971)。The Descent from Heaven: A Study in Epic Continuity。New Haven:Yale UP。  new window
11.Grimes, M. Katherine(2004)。Harry Potter: Fairy Tales, Real Boy and Archetypal Hero。The Ivory Tower and Harry Potter: Perspectives on a Literary Phenomenon。Columbia:U of Missouri P。  new window
12.Gupta, Suman(2003)。Re-Reading Harry Potter。Houndmills:Palgrave Macmillan。  new window
13.Hallett, Cynthia Whitney(2005)。Scholarly Studies in Harry Potter: Applying Academic Methods to a Popular Text。Lewiston:Edwin Mellen。  new window
14.Heilman, Elizabeth E.(2003)。Harry Potter's World: Multidisciplinary Critical Perspectives。New York:RoutledgeFalmer。  new window
15.Heilman, Elizabeth E.、Gregory, Anne E.(2003)。Images of the Privileged Insider and Outcast Outsider。Harry Potter's World: Multidisciplinary Critical Perspectives。New York:Routledge Falmer。  new window
16.Hourihan, Margery(1997)。Deconstructing the Hero: Literary Theory and Children's Literature。London:Routledge。  new window
17.Hutcheo, Linda(2000)。A Theory of Parody: The Teachings of Twentieth-Century Art Forms。New York:Methuen。  new window
18.Kornfeld, John、Prothro, Laurie(2003)。Comedy, Conflict, and Community: Home and Family in Harry Potter。Harry Potter's World: Multidisciplinary Critical Perspectives。New York:Routledge Falmer。  new window
19.Nel, Philip. J. K.(2001)。Rowling's Harry Potter Novels: A Reader's Guide。New York:Continuum。  new window
20.Nikolajeva, Maria(2003)。Potter-A Return to the Romantic Hero。Harry Potter's World: Multidisciplinary Critical Perspectives。New York:Routledge Falmer。  new window
21.Pharr, Mary(2004)。In Media Res: Harry Potter as Hero-in-Progress。The Ivory Tower and Harry Potter: Perspectives on a Literary Phenomenon。Columbia:U of Missouri P。  new window
22.Rowling, J. K.(2007)。Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows。London:Bloomsbury。  new window
23.Rowling, J. K.(2000)。Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire。London:Bloomsbury。  new window
24.Rowling, J. K.(1997)。Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone。London:Bloomsbury。  new window
25.Russell, Donald A.、Winterbottom, Michael(1972)。Catharsis。The Principal Texts in New Translation。Oxford:Oxford UP。  new window
26.Steadman, John(1967)。Milton and the Renaissance Hero。London:Oxford UP。  new window
27.Steege, David K.(2004)。Harry Potter, Tom Brown, and the British School Story: Lost in Transit?。The Ivory Tower and Harry Potter: Perspectives on a Literary Phenomenon。Columbia:U of Missouri P。  new window
28.Taub, Deborah J.、Servaty, Heather L.(2003)。Controversial Content in Children's Literature: Is Harry Potter Harmful to Children?。Harry Potter's World: Multidisciplinary Critical Perspectives。New York:RoutledgeFalmer。  new window
29.Turner-Vorbeck, Tammy(2003)。Pottermania: Good, Clean Fun or Cultural Hegemony?。Harry Potter's World: Multidisciplinary Critical Perspectives。New York:Routledge Falmer。  new window
30.Weiss, Richard(1988)。The American Myth of Success: From Horatio Alger to Norman Vincent Peale。Champaign:U of Illinois P。  new window
31.Westman, Karin E.(2004)。Spectres of Thatcherism: Contemporary British Culture in J. K. Rowling's Harry Potter Series。The Ivory Tower and Harry Potter: Perspectives on a Literary Phenomenon。Columbia:U of Missouri P。  new window
32.Whited, Lana A.(2004)。The Ivory Tower and Harry Potter: Perspectives on a Literary Phenomenon。Columbia:U of Missouri P。  new window
33.Eccleshare, Julia(2002)。A Guide to the Harry Potter Novels。London:Continuum。  new window
34.Rowling, J. K.(2005)。Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince。London:Bloomsbury。  new window
35.Rowling, J. K.(1999)。Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban。London:Bloomsbury。  new window
36.Zipes, Jack(2000)。Sticks and Stones: The Troublesome Success of Children's Literature from Slovenly Peter to Harry Potter。New York:Routledge。  new window
37.Campbel, Joseph(1993)。The Hero with a Thousand Faces。London:Fontana。  new window
38.Rowling, J. K.(1998)。Harry Potter and the Chamber of Secrets。London:Bloomsbury。  new window
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其他
1.Blacker, Terence(19990713)。Why does everyone like Harry Potter。  new window
2.Byatt, A.S.(20030707)。Harry Potter and the Childish Adult。  new window
 
 
 
 
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