自電燈被發明以來，電能和人類的關係便愈來愈密切，日常生活中，處處可看見電能的應用，小自電視、冰箱，大到工業製程耗電系統，然而近十年來，由於環境變遷及各先進國家政策鼓勵裝置再生能源，現有電網遭遇各式各樣的挑戰，將逐漸無法滿足供電可靠度註、電網安全及電力品質的需求，此外，先進國家為提升電業經營績效、節能減碳及容納更多的再生能源，其發展過程需有創新發明，利用此過程帶動新興產業，增加就業機會，因而先進國家皆提出改造其電網，使既有電網能因應日漸複雜的電網調度，於是傳統的電力輸送系統和資通訊科技結合在一起的智慧電網因應而生。 在政府的大力推動下，臺灣目前亦積極的朝電網智慧化與高佔比的再生能源發展，惟臺灣為一孤島且電網並未於其它電網互聯，可承受再生能源的能力相對的低，智慧電網的推動更具意義，惟在民眾環保意識高漲情況下，電網建設近年來屢受阻擾，智慧電網與再生能源能否高度發展，需要相關政策與技術的搭配，本文從技術、法規、經濟等層面討論智慧電網與再生能源在臺灣發展所面臨的挑戰，並提出相對的因應策略，期為智慧電網與再生能源的發展提供一些方向。

The relationship between human and electric energy has been getting closer and closer since the incandescent light bulb was invented. Applications of electricity can be seen everywhere in our daily lives, ranging from such small home appliances as television sets and refrigerators to big manufacturing systems. However, due to climate change and the fact that most developed countries have been encouraging developing renewable energy in recent ten years, present power systems encounter various difficulties such that they won’t be able to meet the requirements for safety, reliability and quality of electricity service. Besides, in the process of improving commercial performance of electricity utilities, saving energy, and integrating more renewable energy, authorities hope to promote emerging industries and create job opportunities by invention; therefore, they plan to reconstruct present systems to make them adapt to the getting complex power system dispatching. As a result, the combination of traditional power system and Information and Communication Technology-smart grid emerges. Due to the government’s strong support, Taiwan’s power system is orienting toward intelligentized system and toward renewable energy with high penetration. Nevertheless, Taiwan is an isolated island and its power system does not connect to other power system so its sustainability to renewable energy is comparatively low. It is therefore more meaningful to develop smart grid in Taiwan. However, building electric infrastructure is more difficult than before due to the rising growth of environmental protection consciousness. Whether smart grid and renewable energy can be successfully developed will rely on the aid of policy and technique. This text discusses the challenges which will be encountered while smart grid and renewable energy are to be developed in Taiwan in terms of technique, policy and economy, and then proposes corresponding solutions. This text is expected to provide some guidelines for the development of smart grid and renewable energy in Taiwan.