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題名：大臺北地區醫院空氣品質與生物氣膠之分布與特性
書刊名：勞工安全衛生研究季刊
作者：麥子倩／蘇千田／莊媖智／陳叡瑜／葉錦瑩／洪粕宸／張振平／趙馨
作者(外文)：Mak, Chelsea／Su, Chien-tien／Chuang, Ying-chih／Chen, Ruey-yu／Yeh, Ching-ying／Hung, Po-chen／Chang, Cheng-ping／Chao, Jasmine Hsing
出版日期：2013
卷期：21:4
頁次：頁481-497
主題關鍵詞：醫院；生物氣膠；職業衛生；Hospitals；Bioaerosols；Occupational health
原始連結：連回原系統網址new window
相關次數：
  • 被引用次數被引用次數:期刊(2) 博士論文(0) 專書(0) 專書論文(0)
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  • 點閱點閱:19
醫療院所是各類傳染性疾病暴露的高風險場所，特別是藉由空氣或飛沫傳播的呼吸道疾病，因此本研究針對大台北地區兩家醫院進行空氣品質以及生物氣膠（包括可培養性真菌及細菌）的監測。本研究進行監測地點為人群密集和高濃度生物氣膠的環境，包括兩家醫院（A及B）的掛號大廳、急診，以及胸腔內科、小兒科、耳鼻喉科、感染科和家醫科的門診及病房。根據研究結果顯示，醫院A及醫院B的總真菌平均濃度分別為148 CFU/m^3及44 CFU/m^3，而總細菌平均濃度分別為476 CFU/m^3及399 CFU/m^3，濃度最高的地點皆為掛號大廳。受訪醫院空氣中常見的優勢真菌為Non-Sporulating Fungi、Penicillium、Cladosporium及Aspergillus，最常見的細菌為革蘭氏陽性球菌。多種環境因子與醫院空氣中生物氣膠濃度有顯著相關，包括溫度、相對濕度、二氧化碳、懸浮微粒及採樣點人數；多種生物氣膠濃度間亦有顯著正相關。兩家醫院的總細菌濃度最大值與二氧化碳平均濃度，以及醫院B的臭氧濃度高於環保署建議值，環境管理應有改善的空間。建議醫院應維持適當的溫濕度避免生物氣膠滋生，並增加通風量控制污染物濃度，以維護員工的健康及工作效率。
High exposure risk to various infectious agents in health care facilities is of special concern, especially to airborne and droplet-borne respiratory diseases. Therefore, we conducted a study to monitor indoor air quality and important bioaerosols (including culturable fungi and bacteria) in two hospitals in the greater Taipei area, Taiwan. Environmental monitoring was carried out at the most crowded areas of the study hospitals, and the departments with high concentrations of bioaerosols. The sampling sites included main lobbies, emergency department, outpatient departments (internal medicine, pediatrics, ears, nose, and throat (ENT), infectious disease, family medicine), and wards (internal medicine and pediatrics). According to the results, the concentrations of total culturable fungi were 148 CFU/m^3 and 44 CFU/m^3 in hospitals A and B, respectively; the concentrations of total culturable bacteria were 476 CFU/m^3 and 399 CFU/m^3. Mean concentrations of airborne fungi and bacteria were both highest in the main lobbies. In the study hospitals, the predominant fungal taxa were Non-Sporulating Fungi, Penicillium, Cladosporium, and Aspergillus. The most prevalent bacteria were Gram-positive cocci. Many environmental factors had statistical significant correlations with bioaerosols in the study hospitals, including temperature, relative humidity, carbon dioxide (CO2), suspended particulates, and number of people in the sampling locations. Interrelationships were also observed among many bioaerosols. The total bacterial and CO2 concentrations of the two study hospitals, as well as the ozone level in hospital B, were higher than the levels recommended by the Taiwan Environmental Protection Administration. Environmental management of these hospitals needs further improvement. In order to improve health and productivity of their workers, hospitals should keep appropriate temperature and relative humidity to avoid microbial growth, and increase ventilation rate to control indoor pollutant levels.
期刊論文
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圖書
1.勞工安全衛生研究所(2003)。醫療院所職業性生物危害預防指引空氣傳播病原菌。行政院勞工委員會勞工安全衛生研究所。  延伸查詢new window
2.趙馨(2007)。醫療院所安全衛生。行政院勞工委員會安全衛生專業人員訓練教材研究與北區推廣中心。  延伸查詢new window
3.American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH)(1999)。Bioaerosols:Assessment and Control。Cincinnati, OH：American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists。  new window
4.Otten JA、Burge HA。Bacteria。In：Macher。  new window
5.趙馨、陳敷瑜(2005)。看護安養機構勞工生物性 危害現況調查。行政院勞工委員會勞工安全衛生研究所。  延伸查詢new window
6.潘致弘、張靜文(2008)。醫療院所真菌菌屬對員工健康影響評估研究。行政院勞工委員會勞工安全衛生研究所。  延伸查詢new window
7.吳孟儒、陳崇文、黃嘉文、詹東霖、楊明杰、趙又麟(2001)。醫用微生物學。台灣省台北市：合記圖書出版社。  延伸查詢new window
8.Tortora GJ、Funke BR、Case CL.(2002)。Microbiology: An introduction.。San Francisco, CA：Benjamin Cummings。  new window
9.American Society of Heating, Refrigerating, and Air-Conditioning Engineers (ASHRAE).(2010)。Addendum d to ANSI/ASHRAE/ASHE Standard 170-2008: Ventilation of Health Care Facilities。Atlanta, GA：American Society of Heating, Refrigerating, and Air- Conditioning Engineers, Inc。  new window
其他
1.World Health Organization(2005)。Preventable hospital infections are a major cause of death and disability for patients: WHO [Internet]，WHO Regional Office for South-East Asia。，http://www. searo.who.int/en/section316/section503/ section1861_10481.htm， 2012/03/06。  new window
2.Centers for Disease Control, R.O.C.(TW)(20120306)。Nosocomial infections surveillance system [Internet].，Taiwan CDC, Fifth Division。，www.cdc.gov. tw/public/Data/0114146571.pdf， 2012/03/06。  new window
3.World Health Organization(20031203)。Summary of probable SARS cases with onset of illness from 1 November 2002 to 31 July 2003 [Internet]，WHO。，http://www.who.int/ csr/sars/country/table2004_04_21/en/index. html， 2012/03/06。  new window
圖書論文
1.Sehulster LM、Chinn RYW、Arduino MJ、Carpenter J、Donlan R、Ashford D(2004)。Guidelines for environmental infection control in health-care facilities。Recommendations from CDC and the Healthcare Infection Control Practices Advisory Committee (HICPAC).。Chicago IL：American Society for Healthcare Engineering/American Hospital Association。  new window
2.蘇慧貞、黃筑筠、吳佩芝(2005)。生物性危害。職業病概論。華杏出版股份有限公司。  延伸查詢new window
 
 
 
 
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