"Gee! They're All in Love with Phantoms!": How the Fantasies Have Constructed the Love Triangle in Hardy's "On the Western Circuit"_

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題名：	"Gee! They're All in Love with Phantoms!": How the Fantasies Have Constructed the Love Triangle in Hardy's "On the Western Circuit"
書刊名：	文化越界
作者：	Huang, Billy Bin-feng
出版日期：	2014
卷期：	1:11
頁次：	頁67-91
主題關鍵詞：	Love triangle；Lacan；Žižek；Lack/castration；Desire；Fantasy；$◇a；Gaze；Correspondence
原始連結：	連回原系統網址
相關次數：	被引用次數:期刊(0) 博士論文(0) 專書(0) 專書論文(0) 排除自我引用:0 共同引用:0 點閱:11

In this paper, Lacan's and Zizek's theorizations about fantasy will be applied to examine how the fantasies of the leading characters in Thomas Hardy's ＂On the Western Circuit＂ have constructed their love triangle. First, according to Lacan, the subject is barred/castrated because (s)he has internalized the lack, namely, the object a, from which the subject's desire arises. When the subject misrecognizes something as the object a, (s)he will have a fantasy. If we apply Lacan's formula of fantasy ($◇a) to the case scenario of love in the text, we will discover that Raye desires both Anna and Mrs. Harnham, and that they both desire Raye. That is, they have become each other's substitutes for the object a, or their fantasies. A close look at this love triangle will reveal that on the one side of Raye and Anna, the key lies in their gaze, which leads to the subject's desire or fantasy. As for the other side of Raye and Mrs. Harnham, their correspondence is responsible for the developments of their fantasies. Last but not least, as Raye learns the truth at the end of the story, he is, according to Zizek, in a typical case scenario of ＂traversing the fantasy.＂ That is, his fantastic world as well as the love triangle disintegrates, and the remains of his reality have become a traumatic experience.

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期刊論文
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圖書論文
1.	Alvarez, A.(1963)。Jude the Obscure。Hardy: A Collection of Critical Essays。Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey：Prentice-Hall。
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18.	Levine, George(2009)。Hardy and Darwin: An Enchanting Hardy?。A Companion to Thomas Hardy。West Sussex：Blackwell Publishing Ltd。
19.	Miller, Jacques-Alain(2006)。On Shame。Jacques Lacan and the Other Side of Psychoanalysis。Durham：London：Duke University Press：Duke University Press。
20.	Verhaeghe, Paul(2006)。Enjoyment and Impossibility: Lacan's Revision of the Oedipus Complex。Jacques Lacan and the Other Side of Psychoanalysis。Duke University Press。
21.	Widdowson, Peter(2009)。'…into the hands of pure-minded English girls': Hardy's Short Stories and the Late Victorian Marketplace。A Companion to Thomas Hardy。West Sussex：Blackwell Publishing Ltd。
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23.	Žižek, Slavoj(1999)。Courtly Love, or Woman as Thing。The Žižek Reader。Oxford：Blackwell Publishers。
24.	Žižek, Slavoj(2006)。Object a in Social Links。Jacques Lacan and the Other Side of Psychoanalysis。Durham：London：Duke University Press：Duke University Press。
25.	Zupančič, Alenka(2006)。When Surplus Enjoyment Meets Surplus Value。Jacques Lacan and the Other Side of Psychoanalysis。Durham：London：Duke University Press：Duke University Press。
26.	Salecl, Renata(1996)。I Can't Love You Unless I Give You Up。Gaze and Voice as Love Objects。Durham：London：Duke University Press：Duke University Press。
27.	Žižek, Slavoj(1998)。The Seven Veils of Fantasy。Key Concepts of Lacanian Psychoanalysis。New York：Other Press。
28.	Žižek, S.(1999)。Is it possible to traverse the fantasy in cyberspace?。The Žižek reader。Malden, MA：Oxford：Blackwell Publishing：Blackwell Publishers。

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