Backgrounds: Building materials often contain volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and semivolatile organic compounds (SVOCs), which have quite a few potential impacts on indoor air quality (IAQ) and human health, and have triggered people's great attention about how to choose interior decoration materials.Purposes: The purpose of this study is to understand the potential hazard of VOCs and SVOCs emitted from building materials, and the relationship with IAQ.Methods: The health risk assessment was used to identify the potential hazard of VOCs and SVOCs, and the mass balance model was incorporated into assessment to simulate the effect of VOCs emitted from GBM on human health.Results: According to the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), the formaldehyde and benzene were identified by group 1 of cancer category, and the simulation results showed that the lifetime cancer risk is in an acceptable range. The toluene, xylene, etc. were identified by group 3 of no obvious negative impact on human health. criteria. The new pollutants of SVOCs such as phthalate DEHP were identified by groups B2, and the regulation was revised to control the emission sources.Conclusions: In the future, IAQ will lead to better, if the green building materials should be further used to control the emission sources.