資訊組織與主題分析是圖書資訊學探討的重點課題。隨著資訊科技進步，全球資訊網的興起，數位文件的數量越來越龐大，各種文件處理、加值、活化運用的需求增多，自動化資訊組織與主題分析的必要性越來越高。本文先簡介相關自動化技術近二十年來的發展，並以採、編、典、藏、用的觀點，看待整個自動化作業的過程；接著，以一些應用實例具體說明其效益，特別著重在關鍵詞擷取、關聯詞分析、文件自動組織、主題分類建構等應用，讓讀者具體領略其實務上的可行性；最後，說明這二十年來資訊技術的進步幅度快速、應用範圍廣泛，在此僅能探討到一小部分。透過這些介紹與案例展示，本文希望促進圖書資訊學與其他學科人員，互相交流與合作的機會，以開展創新的資訊服務。

Information organization and subject analysis (IOSA) is an important issue in the field of library and information science (LIS). As the fast advance in information technology, more and more digital documents are emerging in a pace such that automated IOSA become inevitable. This article firstly introduces the development of related automatic techniques in recent decades and promotes a tranditional viewpoint based on the workflow of: (1) data collection and aggregation, (2) cataloguing, (3) regulation, (4) archving, and (5) usage, to regulate the whole process when applying automated techniques to any IOSA task. Some application examples are then described to let the readers have a feel of the feasibility of these techniques; specifically the applications of keyword extraction, association analysis, document clustering, and topic categorization are mentioned. We conclude that the related techniques and applications are still developing in a quick pace such that only a few percentages of them can be mentioned. This article is intended to promote the mutual cooperation among the LIS and other fields.