This article was to describe the perioperative nursing experience of an oral cancer patient undergoing head and neck reconstruction surgery. From August 12 toAugust 30, 2012, the author approached patients using Orem's theory of interview, observation, physical assessment, chart review and visit methods. Results from this nursing experience showed that the patient had four health problems. In the preoperative phase, the nursing problems include oral mucous membrane altered and anxiety. During operative phase, the nursing problem was mainly the potential risk of impairing skin integrity. In the postoperative nursing care phase, the major problem was ineffective airway clearance. The author provided adequate Orem's nursing system to this patient with individualized guidance at different perioperative periods, including providing actively adequate information about the patient's operation and health condition, individualized nursing interventions, continued evaluation to help the patient reduce anxiety,and holistic professional nursing care. By the practice of perioperative nursing, the anxiety of the patient was reduced, and his attitude improved. This practice had a positive impact on the disease. The patient adopted effective cough to improve airway clearance and obtain the self-care ability of oral mucous membrane. Orem self-care model can effectively improve the nursing care to this patient and his self-efficacy and self-care ability. The multiple reconstruction guideline for improving similar people's physical, psychological or self-care abilities were developed through the perioperative nursing and team work corporation approach. This study can be a reference for caring similar patients.