The Questions and Answers between Zhu Xi and Cheng Xun records the personal correspondence between Zhu Xi and Cheng Xun, including the letters Zhu Xi wrote to Cheng Xun and Cheng Xun’s replies. In trying to fully understand the value of this collection, this article is divided into three sections. First investigated is the background to the compilation of this collection. It was compiled and funded during the Ming dynasty by Cheng Zi, an adopted child of the Cheng family. One of the most interesting types of documents in this collection is the ancestors’ manuscripts preserved within the family. These documents were highly valued because the Cheng family in the Ming dynasty put a lot of emphasis on Zhu Xi’s studies as their family teachings. Second, the collection provided firsthand information for Cheng Tong’s compilation of Cheng Xun’s biography in The Intellectual Lineage of Xin’an in the Ming dynasty. Also, Qing scholar Xia Xin used the correspondence preserved in the collection to support his observation of three changes in Zhu Xi’s theories. Both scholars made an effort to construct the heritage of Zhu Xi’s studies in the Huizhou area, but how they used the documents has problems. Third, since the collection includes Zhu Xi’s lost works and Cheng Xun’s letters, it provides historical evidence for reconstructing the chronology of these scholarly communications. It validates Zhu Xi’s association with Lin Yong-Zhong and Ye Ren, verifies Zhu Xi’s earlier views on Zhang Zai’s Rectifying the Ignorant and The Western Inscription, and reflects the ideological differences between Zhu Xi and Cheng Xun.