The late 19th century is a significant period in Macao with the speedy social development. During this period the two well-known Chinese charitable organization, Kiang Wu Hospital Charitable Association (founded in 1871) and Tung Sin Tong (founded in 1892)had been set up, to take the heavy responsibility for the Chinese social assistance in Macau. This paper tries to figure up the corresponding measures to deal with plague in 1894, to discuss the mobilization ability of Chinese charitable organization in Hong Kong and Macao, and to analysis the role of those Chinese charities in public health incidents, as well as to explore how the civil societies in Macao to gain their power of discourse in social affairs on the background of Portuguese colonial rule.