The Kuso-poem describes the physical process of bodily decay-the "nine stages of a decaying corpse." The earliest existing poem of this kind was written in the 6th Century. Although few Kuso-poems existed to date, we can still infer from the wide geological distribution and the various forms of the surviving examples, that this genre was popular in China when Buddhism prevailed during Sui and Tang dynasties. Recovered over a broad region from Dunhuang in western China to Japan, it can be found in various forms of 5 syllable line, 7 syllable line and mixed meter poems. This paper deals with Japanese monk Kukai's treatise on poetry and prose, Shoryo-shu, which contains a special Kuso-poem in a cycle of nine poems, same as the versions found in Dunhuang. However, the Dunhuang versions mainly focus on presenting the whole life of a person, with minor description and discussion on death and corporeal decay, while the Kuso-poem in Shoryoshu describes in detail the nine stages of corporeal decay following the Buddhism sutras. This description of bodily decay involves many representations from Sango Shiiki written by Kukai. By examining the influence of Buddhist practice in Sango Shiiki and its impact on the Kusopoem in Shoryo-shu, I will investigate the relation between buddhist practice and literature rhetoric. It is possible to suggest that both Sango Shiiki and the Kuso-poem make reference to Buddhist Sutras, and apply in their conception familiar symbol of death from classical poems, so that Kuso can be accepted more easily by its readers. Accordingly, the emphasis has been shifted from the sadness of death to conquering the carnal desire and understanding the impermanence of life. The Kuso-poem in Sango Shiiki is suggested to be one of the many apocryphal works contained in the last three volumes of the treatise, which was compiled by monk Saisen at the end of Heian period two hundred years after the death of Kukai. However, this Kuso-poem may obtain authority under the name of this supposed author: the famed Japanese monk, scholar and poet Kukai, and therefore became popular in Japan during the Kamakura peoriod. In order to carry forward the thought of Shoryo-shu, I will also discuss the impact of Daishi Faith on the textual production of the Kusopoem in Shoryo-shu.