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題名：「絕對」的崩塌：策蘭、黑格爾與德國浪漫主義哲學
書刊名：文山評論：文學與文化
作者：馮冬
作者(外文)：Feng, Dong
出版日期：2018
卷期：12:1
頁次：頁127-161
主題關鍵詞：策蘭；黑格爾；浪漫主義；絕對；無限性；觀念論；Paul Celan；Hegel；Romanticism；The absolute；Infinity；Idealism
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本文以德國浪漫主義之「絕對」觀念來定位策蘭（Paul Celan）早期詩歌的矛頭所向，並表明策蘭早期作品如何迫使觀念論哲學中的「無條件者」或「絕對者」（das Unbedingte）進入「解絕對化」過程。進而，本文將早期策蘭視為「思辨活動」在詩歌中實現的一個特例，即詩的意義在運行過程中所發生的針對「概念」的解構活動。此活動質疑了觀念論哲學中某些關鍵概念的絕對內涵，暴露出這些概念的被設定的思維基礎與可能的總體化趨勢。本文第二部分考察早期策蘭如何隱蔽地回應德國觀念論哲學中「無限性」這一概念。在黑格爾哲學中，無限與有限時刻處在交替的相互過渡（der Übergang），正是有限物的自身超越構成了無限，此即絕對精神的泡沫式翻湧。策蘭既關注於無限對有限的純然吞食或銷毀，也著力於表現有限向著無限的泡沫翻湧（schaumen）的揚棄過程（Aufbebung）。處於顛倒世界的策蘭早期詩作的理論旨趣，於是在於詩意地考察絕對與無限這兩個力量的形成與表象，揭示這些概念性力量內在的不可靠性。本文力圖將策蘭詩學帶出傳統闡釋學和猶太研究領域，令其深刻地進入觀念論哲學維度
Locating early Celan within the concept of ＂Romantic absolute,＂ this essay examines how Celan has problematically yet interestingly forced what German Romantics conceive as ＂the unconditioned＂ or ＂the absolute＂ into the process of ＂deabsolutization.＂ I will engage the Hegelian moment or ＂speculative thinking＂ in Celan's early works to see how the absolutized concept has been contorted, set into self-contradiction and hence ＂deconstructed＂ in the poetic process. Celan's efforts at piercing and rewriting some of the major concepts of German Romanticism and Idealism reveal his deep concern with the epistemological assumptions of the dialectical/Hegelian understanding of the Concept. The second part of this essay unfolds Celan's fiercely concealed strife with the idea of ＂infinity.＂ Contra Kantianism, in Hegelian philosophy the finite and the infinite are caught in the process of eternal becoming or what Hegel calls mutual ＂transition＂ (Übergang). The foaming of the absolute spirit is activated by nothing else but the self-transcendence of finitude. Celan is similarly drawn to the infinite's digesting or annihilation of the finite and the ＂foaming-up＂ (schäumen) of the finite towards infinity. The theoretical import of early Celan's ＂inverted world,＂ as will be shown in this essay, consists in his poetic critique of the ultimate ground of these concepts and their various embodiments
期刊論文
1.Del Caro, Adrian(1994)。Paul Celan's Uncanny Speech。Philosophy and Literature，18(2)，211-224。  new window
2.Eschel, Amir(2004)。Paul Celan's Other: History, Poetics, and Ethics。New German Critique，91，57-77。  new window
3.Liska, Vivian(2004)。'Roots Against Heaven': An Aporetic Inversion in Paul Celan。New German Critique，91，41-56。  new window
4.Salminen, Antti(2012)。Falling Upwards: Paul Celan's Poetics of the Abyss。Partial Answers: Journal of Literature and the History of Ideas，10(2)，223-240。  new window
圖書
1.Scholem, Gershom(1995)。Major Trends in Jewish Mysticism。Schocken。  new window
2.Heidegger, Martin、Emad, Parvis、Maly, Kenneth(1994)。Hegel's Phenomenology of Spirit。Indiana University Press。  new window
3.Celan, Paul、Allemann, Beda、Reichert, Stefan(2000)。Gesammelte Werke in Sieben Bänden。Suhrkamp。  new window
4.Hillard, Derek(2010)。Poetry as Individuality: The Discourse of Observation in Paul Celan。Bucknell UP。  new window
5.Hegel, G. W. F.(1986)。Wissenschaft der Logik。Suhrkamp。  new window
6.Hegel, G. W. F.、Harris, H. S.、Cerf, Walter(1977)。The Difference Between Fichte's and Schelling's System of Philosophy。State University of New York Press。  new window
7.Lacoue-Labarthe, Philippe、Nancy, Jean-Luc、Barnard, Philip、Lester, Cheryl(1988)。The Literary Absolute: The Theory of Literature in German Romanticism。State University of New York Press。  new window
8.Derrida, Jacques、Lukacher, Ned(1991)。Cinders。University of Nebraska Press。  new window
9.Adorno, Theodor、Hullot-Kentor, Robert(1997)。Aesthetic Theory。University of Minnesota Press。  new window
10.Blanchot, Maurice、Nelson, Lycette(1992)。The Step Not Beyond。State University of New York Press。  new window
11.Rosen, Stanley(2014)。The Idea of Hegel's Science of Logic。The University of Chicago Press。  new window
12.Houlgate, Stephen(2006)。The Opening of Hegel's Logic: From Being to Infinity。Purdue University Press。  new window
13.黑格爾、賀麟、王玖興(2015)。精神現象學。商務印書館。  延伸查詢new window
14.黑格爾、楊一之(2016)。邏輯學。商務印書館。  延伸查詢new window
15.Celan, Paul、Böschenstein, Bernhard、Schmull, Heino、Joris, Pierre(2011)。The Meridian: Final Version-Drafts-Materials。Stanford UP。  new window
16.Del Caro, Adrian(1997)。The Early Poetry of Paul Celan: In the beginning was the word。Louisiana State UP。  new window
17.Felstiner, John(2001)。Paul Celan: Poet, Survivor, Jew。Yale UP。  new window
18.Frank, Manfred、Millán-Zaibert, Elizabeth(2004)。The Philosophical Foundations of Early German Romanticism。SUNY P。  new window
19.Grant, Iain Hamilton(2006)。Philosophies of Nature after Schelling。Continuum。  new window
20.Hegel, G. W. F.(1987)。Phänomenologie des Geistes。Reclam。  new window
21.Liska, Vivian(2009)。When Kafka Says We: Uncommon Communities in German-Jewish Literature。Indiana UP。  new window
22.Millán-Zaibert, Elizabeth(2007)。Friedrich Schlegel and the Emergence of Romantic Philosophy。SUNY P。  new window
23.Nassar, Dalia(2014)。The Romantic Absolute: Being and Knowing in Early German Romantic Philosophy, 1795-1804。U of Chicago P。  new window
24.Nietzsche, Friedrich(2012)。Gesammelte Werke。Anaconda。  new window
25.Novalis、Kneller, Jane(2003)。Fichte Studies。Cambridge UP。  new window
26.Novalis(2008)。Gesammelte Werke。Fisher。  new window
27.Rilke, R. M.(2013)。Gesammelte Werke。Anaconda。  new window
28.Ryan, Judith(2004)。Rilke, Modernism and Poetic Tradition。Cambridge UP。  new window
29.Žižek, Slavoj(2015)。Absolute Recoil: Towards A New Foundation of Dialectical Materialism。Verso。  new window
30.Beiser, Fredrick C.(2002)。German Idealism: The Struggle Against Subjectivism, 1781-1801。Harvard University Press。  new window
其他
1.1 Mose 1 Luther Bibel 1545，http://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=1%20Mose+1&version=LUTH1545。  new window
圖書論文
1.Hamacher, Werner(1994)。The Second of Inversion: Movements of a Figure through Celan's Poetry。Word Traces: Readings of Paul Celan。Johns Hopkins UP。  new window
2.Comay, Rebecca(2013)。Hegel's Last Words: Mourning and Melancholia at the End of the Phenomenology。The Ends of History: Questioning the Stakes of Historical Reason。Routledge。  new window
3.Davey, Nicholas(1997)。[Thus Spake Zarathustra] Introduction。Thus Spake Zarathustra。Wordsworth Editions。  new window
4.Hölderlin, Friedrich(1998)。Brod und Wein。Selected Poems and Fragments。Penguin。  new window
 
 
 
 
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