本研究目的為探討重量訓練是否對女性血液細胞造成影響，同時探討脫氫異雄固酮－硫酸鹽(dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate, DHEA-S)在肌力訓練過程中的變化。招募月經週期正常女性23名（21.9 ± 0.2歲），受試者從月經週期開始，每隔7天進行血液樣本檢測共4週，取前測2週DHEA-S平均值，再以平衡次序法分配為坐式生活及重量訓練（重訓）二組。後續月經週期，除持續蒐集血液樣本外，重訓組每週進行2次的訓練，訓練有8種不同阻力運動，每種運動以70%最大肌力進行3組12次反覆，共4週。研究結果顯示，重訓過程中紅血球數目增加，重訓期間紅血球及DHEA-S的變化和紅血球生成素的改變有關。重訓實施期間血小板數量顯著增加，重訓提高紅血球生成素敏感度。本研究結論發現顯示重量訓練提高紅血球生成素的調控能力，影響女性血液細胞和DHEA-S的調節。

This study was aimed to examine the effect of weight training on changes in dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEA-S) levels and red blood cell count during normal menstrual cycles in women. Twenty-three women with regular menstrual cycle were recruited into either weight training program or sedentary group. We followed balance sequence order based on their mean value of DHEA-S in the first two weeks immediately after menstrual bleeding during the first menstrual cycle. Blood samples were collected at rest for every seven days, for two complete cycles during the experimental period. In the second menstrual cycle, participants in training program group were asked to perform eight different types of resistance exercises, twice a week for 4 weeks (12 repetitions per set, 3 sets, 70% maximum strength). The results showed that weight training exercise increased platelet and erythrocytes counts in women. Furthermore, changes in erythrocyte count and DHEA-S levels were associated with erythropoietin (EPO) response under weight training program during menstrual cycle. We conclude that the weight training exercise influence red blood cell count underlying the improvement of EPO sensitivity during menstrual cycle in women.